Altitudes related to aviation include pressure altitude, true altitude, and absolute altitude. Pressure altitude is the altitude above sea level when the air pressure at a point in the sky is measured and applied to the standard atmosphere. In other words, pressure altitude is the air pressure measured with a barometer expressed on a scale called standard atmospheric altitude. Therefore, when the actual atmosphere is not in standard atmospheric conditions, a correction is necessary, and this corrected altitude is the true altitude above sea level. An instrument that measures air pressure in this way to determine the altitude of a point is called a barometric altimeter. Absolute altitude is the altitude from the ground directly below the aircraft, and is measured using a radio altimeter. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
航空に関連する高度には気圧高度,真高度,絶対高度があり,気圧高度は上空のある点の気圧をはかって,標準大気にあてはめた場合の海面からの高度をいう。言い換えれば,気圧高度は気圧計ではかった気圧を標準大気高度というスケールで表したものということになる。そのため実際の大気が標準大気状態でないときは補正する必要があり,その補正高度が海面からの真高度である。このように気圧を測定してその点の高度を知る計器を気圧高度計 barometric altimeterという。なお絶対高度は航空機の真下の地面からの高度で,電波高度計を使って測定する。
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