Kanto Gundai - Kanto Gundai

A job title in the Edo Shogunate. A local official in charge of civil administration in the Kanto Shogunate's direct territories. After the Tokugawa clan entered Kanto in 1590 (Tensho 18), the position became hereditary in the Ina family, descended from the head daikan (bakujin) Ina Tadatsugu. In 1642 (Kan'ei 19), under Tadatsugu's second son, Tadaharu, he took charge of the Kanto daikan (bakujin) and was ordered to be in charge of river repairs and embankments, effectively establishing the Kanto Gundai. In 1653 (Shoo 2), under Tadakatsu, the fief was fixed at 3,900 koku. During the Genroku period (1688-1704), the title was officially changed from head daikan to Kanto Gundai, and the Gundai's residence was located in Edo Bakuro-cho. The area was controlled by the Finance Magistrate, but in 1733 (Kyoho 18), under Tadamichi, it became the ruler of the Roju and the head of the Finance Inspectorate. Tadaoki also served as Finance Magistrate. Vassals included Toshiyorishu, Banto, Accountant General, and Metsukeyaku. In 1792 (Kansei 4), under Tadataka, he was dismissed for misconduct in household affairs. As a result, Finance Magistrate Kuze Hirotami and then Nakagawa Tadateru also served as Gundai, and the area was ruled by five Gundai-taku Daikan. The Gundai system was abolished in 1806 (Bunka 3), but was reinstated in 1864 (Genji 1), with three Gundai appointed, and in 1867 (Keio 3), it was renamed the Kanto Zaikatagari.

[Nao Murakami]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

江戸幕府の職名。関東の幕府直轄領の民政を担当した地方官。1590年（天正18）徳川氏の関東入国後、代官頭(がしら)伊奈忠次(いなただつぐ)の系譜を引く伊奈家の世襲となった。1642年（寛永19）忠次の次男忠治(ただはる)のとき関東代官を統括し、河川の改修や築堤の専管を命ぜられ、事実上、関東郡代が成立した。1653年（承応2）忠克(ただかつ)のとき知行(ちぎょう)地3900石に固定。元禄(げんろく)期（1688～1704）に代官頭から関東郡代と正式に称するようになり、25万石を支配、江戸馬喰(ばくろう)町に郡代屋敷があった。勘定奉行(ぶぎょう)支配であるが、1733年（享保18）忠逵(ただみち)のとき老中支配、勘定吟味役の上首となる。忠宥(ただおき)は勘定奉行を兼任。家臣は年寄衆、番頭、勘定頭、目付役などがあった。1792年（寛政4）忠尊(ただたか)のとき家事不行届の理由で罷免される。そのため勘定奉行久世広民(くぜひろたみ)、ついで中川忠英(ただてる)が郡代を兼務し、5人の郡代付代官により支配する。1806年（文化3）郡代制を廃止したが、64年（元治1）復活、郡代3名を任命し、67年（慶応3）には関東在方掛(ざいかたがかり)と改称した。

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