Summer Festival Naniwa Kagami - Natsumatsuri Naniwa Kagami

Joruri Gidayu-bushi. Sewamono (domestic drama). Nine stages. A collaboration between Namiki Senryu, Miyoshi Shouraku, and Takeda Koizumo. Commonly known as "Summer Festival." First performed at the Takemotoza in Osaka in July 1745 (Enkyo 2). Using the names of the characters from the kabuki kyogen play "Yadonasu Danshichi" performed by the first Kataoka Nizaemon in Osaka in 1698 (Genroku 11), this dramatization combines the tactical exploits of three gangsters, Danshichi Kurobee, Tsuribune no Sabu, and Issun Tokubee, with an incident (Enkyo 1) in which a fish seller from Sakai committed a murder in Nagamachiura. In order to protect his benefactor Tamashima Hyodayu's son Isonojo and his lover, the prostitute Kotoura, Danshichi Kurobei, a man of Osaka, cooperates with his wife Okaji and his senior Tsuribune Sanbu to get revenge on Oshima Sagaemon, who is in love with Kotoura, and fights with Oshima's backer, Issun Tokubei, but when he finds out that Tokubei is also indebted to the Tamashima family, they become brothers. Isonojo, who was hidden by Sanbu, is taken in by Tokubei's wife Otatsu, and Kotoura is taken out by Okaji's father, Mikawaya Giheiji. The greedy Giheiji tries to give Kotoura to Oshima for money, but Danshichi finds out and catches up with him behind Nagamachi, fights with Giheiji, and finally kills him.

This is the first large-scale nine-stage work in the Sewa-joruri genre, and was the first to be devised by puppeteer Bunzaburo Yoshida, and was a groundbreaking piece that used real water and real mud in the back of Nagamachi. The month after its premiere, it was adapted into a Kabuki play, and has been passed down to the present day as a representative summer kyogen. Occasionally, the fourth act, "Doguya," and the eighth act, "Tajimamachi Danshichinai," in which Tokubei and Saburo try to save Danshichi from his sins, are performed, but the most famous scenes are the third act, "Sumiyoshi," which depicts the skilled maneuvering of Danshichi and Tokubei, the sixth act, "Samburonai," in which O-Tatsu shows her feminine spirit by branding her face with a branding iron, and "Nagamachiura," in which Danshichi kills his father-in-law. "Nagamachiura" in particular features excellent swordplay in which Danshichi, naked, strikes several beautiful poses against the backdrop of festival music, and is considered a masterpiece of a "killing scene."

[Toshiaki Matsui]

"Otoha Hiroshi's annotated "Japanese Classical Literature Series 51 Joruri Collection Vol. 1" (1960, Iwanami Shoten)" "Summer Festivals and Ise Ondo" by the 13th Kataoka Nizaemon (1983, Koyo Shobo)"

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

浄瑠璃義太夫節(じょうるりぎだゆうぶし)。世話物。九段。並木千柳(せんりゅう)・三好松洛(みよししょうらく)・竹田小出雲(こいずも)合作。通称「夏祭」。1745年（延享2）7月、大坂・竹本座初演。1698年（元禄11）に大坂で初世片岡仁左衛門(にざえもん)が演じた歌舞伎(かぶき)狂言『宿無団七(やどなしだんしち)』の役名を使い、団七九郎兵衛(くろべえ)・釣船三婦(つりぶねのさぶ)・一寸徳兵衛(いっすんとくべえ)という侠客(きょうかく)3人の達引(たてひき)に、堺(さかい)の魚売りが長町裏(ながまちうら)で人殺しをした事件（延享1）を絡ませて脚色したもの。大坂の男達(おとこだて)団七九郎兵衛は、恩人玉島兵太夫(たましまひょうだゆう)の子息磯之丞(いそのじよう)とその愛人の遊女琴浦(ことうら)を守るため、女房お梶(かじ)や先輩の釣船三婦と協力して奔走し、琴浦に横恋慕する大島佐賀右衛門(さがえもん)を懲らしめ、大島の後ろ盾、一寸徳兵衛と争うが、徳兵衛も玉島家に恩を受けた者とわかり、兄弟分になる。三婦にかくまわれていた磯之丞は徳兵衛女房お辰(たつ)が預かることになり、琴浦はお梶の父三河屋義平次(ぎへいじ)に連れ出される。強欲な義平次は琴浦を大島に渡して金にしようとしたのだが、それに気づいた団七は長町裏で追い付き、義平次と争い、ついに彼を殺してしまう。

　世話浄瑠璃として最初の大作九段物で、人形遣い吉田文三郎(ぶんざぶろう)の考案で初めて人形に帷子(かたびら)を着せ、長町裏の場で本水(ほんみず)・本泥(ほんどろ)を使った画期的な作品。初演の翌月には歌舞伎に移され、代表的な夏狂言として今日に伝わった。まれに四段目「道具屋」や、徳兵衛と三婦が団七の罪を救おうと苦心する八段目「田島町団七内」が上演されるが、有名なのは団七・徳兵衛の達引を描いた三段目「住吉(すみよし)」、お辰が顔に焼きごてを当てて女の意気地を見せる六段目「三婦内」、団七が舅(しゅうと)を殺す「長町裏」の三場で、とくに「長町裏」は祭囃子(まつりばやし)を背景に裸の団七がいくつかの美しいポーズを見せる立回りが優れ、「殺し場」の傑作。

［松井俊諭］

『乙葉弘校注『日本古典文学大系51　浄瑠璃集　上』（1960・岩波書店）』▽『13世片岡仁左衛門著『夏祭と伊勢音頭』（1983・向陽書房）』

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