Gankasou - Gankasou

Japanese: 含嘉倉 - がんかそう

For example, regarding granaries from the Han period, in addition to the one engraved on the picture granary excavated in Chengdu, Sichuan Province, there are many ceramic granaries among the Ming wares excavated from tombs in various places, which give us an idea of what granaries looked like at that time. There are documents that tell us that large granaries such as Taicang, which were located near the national capital, were overflowing during the reigns of Emperor Wu of Han and Emperor Yang of Sui, but it was the excavation of the Hanjiacang in the eastern capital of Luoyang in the Sui and Tang periods in 1969 that brought to mind their true nature. Approximately 400 cellars were dug in the Hanjiacang Fortress, which is over 600 meters east to west and over 700 meters north to south, and among them were excavated granaries engraved with characters that meticulously recorded the actual situation of the deliveries.

From [Warehouse]

… [Kouichirou Shimizu]
【China】
In China, as stated in the fifteenth volume of the Tang Law Commentary, "Kura means a place for storing millet and wheat, and ko means a place for storing utensils, cotton, and silk," strictly speaking, kura refers to a granary, while ko means a storehouse for weapons and silk. Therefore, Taicang and Hanjiacang both refer to large granaries located in national capitals. By the way, commercial warehouses for storing cargo from merchants were called tian or shan before the Tang Dynasty, and were mainly located around cities, but after the collapse of the city system, they were located in places with good transportation access.

From [Storage Pit]

...However, even during the Yayoi period, acorns and other foods were stored in storage pits in low-lying marshes (Satotabaru ruins, Nagasaki Prefecture), and it is believed that this was related to removing bitterness. One famous storage pit operated by an ancient state is Ganjiacang (Ganjiacang) in Luoyang, Henan Province, China (Suian and Tang dynasties). Within an area of 612m x 750m surrounded by walls, several hundred storage pits, each 8-18m in diameter and 6-12m deep, are neatly lined up.

From Luoyang

...This is because it is located near the intersection of the canal and the Yellow River, and is the most important base where various goods from Jiangnan are accumulated and then transferred to Chang'an in the west. Hanjiacang Fortress, discovered in 1971 in the northeast of Miyagi, clearly illustrates this. This is a huge group of grain cellars surrounded by a wall 600 meters east to west and 700 meters north to south, and more than 400 waterproofed cellars with a diameter of 15 meters and a depth of 20 meters have been confirmed.

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Kankakura" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…　たとえば漢代の穀倉については，四川省成都から出土した画像甎に刻されたもののほか，各地の墓から出土した明器のなかに多数の陶倉があって，当時の穀倉の姿をうかがうことができる。国都付近におかれた太倉などの大穀倉が，漢の武帝や隋の煬帝（ようだい）の治世に，満ちあふれていたことを伝える文献は残されていたが，その実態を彷彿たらしめたのは，1969年に隋･唐時代の東都洛陽の含嘉倉が発掘されたことによってである。東西600余m，南北700余mの含嘉倉城のなかに，およそ400の穴倉がうがたれ，その中から搬入の実情を克明に記録する文字を刻した甎が出土したのである。…

【倉庫】より

…【清水広一郎】
【中国】
　中国では，《唐律疏議》巻十五に〈倉とは粟麦の属を貯うるをいい，庫とは器仗綿絹の類を貯うるをいう〉とあるように，厳密にいえば倉が穀倉を指すのに対し，庫は兵器や絹綿の収蔵庫を意味した。したがって太倉や含嘉倉は，いずれも国都におかれた大穀倉のことなのである。ところで，客商の貨物を預かる営業倉庫は，唐以前にあっては邸または店といい，主として市の周囲に設けられ，市制が崩壊して以後は，交通の便に都合のよい場所におかれた。…

【貯蔵穴】より

…ただし，弥生時代にも低湿地の貯蔵穴にドングリなどを蓄えたものもあり(長崎県里田原（さとたばる）遺跡)，あく抜きとの関連が説かれている。古代国家が経営した貯蔵穴としては，中国河南省洛陽の含嘉倉（がんかそう）(隋･唐代)が名高い。壁で囲んだ612m×750mの範囲に，径8～18m，深さ6～12mの貯蔵穴が数百基整然と並ぶ。…

【洛陽】より

…それは運河と黄河の交点に近く，江南の諸物資がここに集積され，さらに西の長安に転送される最も重要な基地という立地によるものである。1971年，宮城北東の地で発見された含嘉倉城は，そのことを如実に物語る。これは東西600m，南北700mの城壁で囲まれた巨大な穀物窖（こう）群で，直径15m，深さ20m規模の防水処理された穴蔵が400以上確認された。…

※「含嘉倉」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

<<: Tubular reactor - Tubular reactor

>>: Orbital floor fracture - gankashokosset