Rock dove - Kawarabato (English spelling) Rock dove

Japanese: カワラバト - かわらばと(英語表記)rock dove
Rock dove - Kawarabato (English spelling) Rock dove

A bird of the family Columbiformes. It is the original species that gave birth to over 500 breeds in captivity, including homing pigeons, Strasser pigeons, and other food pigeons. Wild species are naturally distributed from the UK to the Mediterranean coast, North Africa, Arabia, West Asia, India, and the Himalayas, as well as inland China's Bohai Sea, and have been artificially introduced to the Azores in the Atlantic Ocean. They prefer coastal cliffs and rocky mountains, build saucer-shaped nests of twigs and dead grass in rock crevices, and lay two eggs. The male and female take turns incubating the eggs. Once a pair is formed, they will remain together until the other dies, and live together even outside of the breeding season. They feed on grass seeds. They are about 33 cm long, gray-blue all over, and have a metallic luster on their necks. They are characterized by a white lower back, two black bands on their wings, and one black band at the tip of their tail. Pigeons that were once kept as carrier pigeons or other species, but then reverted to wild are called feral pigeons, and come in a variety of feather colors. Feral pigeons build nests on city buildings and bridge piers, and freely interbreed with rock pigeons to produce offspring. This has led to a decline in the original wild species in Europe. All pigeons in Japan are feral pigeons.

[Nobuo Takeshita]

[Reference] | Feral pigeon
Major species of pigeons [specimen drawings]
©Yoshitaka Morikami ">

Major species of pigeons [specimen drawings]


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

鳥綱ハト目ハト科の鳥。伝書鳩、ストラッサーほかの食用鳩など、飼育下で500種以上もの品種を生んだ原種である。野生の系統は、イギリスから、地中海沿岸、北アフリカ、アラビア、西アジア、インド、ヒマラヤまで、また中国の渤海(ぼっかい)内陸部にも自然分布し、大西洋のアゾレス諸島などには人為的に移された。海岸の崖(がけ)や岩山を好み、岩の割れ目に小枝と枯れ草で皿形の巣をつくり、2卵を産む。雌雄が交代で抱卵する。いったん形成されたつがいは、一方が死ぬまで続き、繁殖期でないときにもいっしょに生活する。草の種子を採食する。全長約33センチメートル、全身灰青色で、頸(くび)には金属光沢がある。腰は白く、翼に2本、尾の先端に1本の黒い帯があるのが特徴である。一度飼育されて伝書鳩などの品種になったものがふたたび野生化したものをドバト(堂鳩)とよび、さまざまな羽色の変化がある。ドバトは都会のビルや橋桁(はしげた)などに巣をつくり、カワラバトとも自由に交雑し子孫を残す。このためヨーロッパでは本来の野生の系統のものが減ってしまった。日本にいるものはすべてドバトである。

[竹下信雄]

[参照項目] | ドバト
ハトのおもな種類〔標本画〕
©森上義孝">

ハトのおもな種類〔標本画〕


出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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