Provisional payment - Karinoufu

...All of these effects arise according to the content of the judgment, and are also called inherent effects. In principle, they arise after the judgment becomes final, but when the court issues a provisional execution declaration (Article 259 of the Civil Procedure Act and Article 22, paragraph 2 of the Civil Execution Act) or orders the provisional payment of fines or penalties (Article 348 of the Criminal Procedure Act), the enforcement effect arises immediately upon the pronouncement of the judgment, without waiting for the judgment to become final.
[Invalidation of Judgment]
If there is an error in the content or procedure of a judgment, the judgment can be set aside by appeal if it has not yet become final, or by retrial if it has already become final.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to "provisional payment" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…いずれも判決の内容に即して生じる効力で，本来的効力ともよばれる。原則として，判決の確定をまって生じるが，ただ，執行力だけは，裁判所によって仮執行宣言が行われたとき(民事訴訟法259条以下，民事執行法22条2号)，罰金，科料などの仮納付が命ぜられたとき(刑事訴訟法348条)は，判決の確定をまたずに，判決の宣告(言渡し)によってただちに生ずる。
［判決の無効］
　判決の内容，手続に誤りがあると，確定前ならば上訴によって，確定後ならば再審によって，その判決の取消しを求めることができる。…

※「仮納付」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報