…In a broad sense, charisma is a comprehensive concept that refers to the extraordinary, divine qualities that are believed to reside in a particular person. Charismatic people who display this supernatural or superhuman talent are recognized by their followers as leaders sent by God or excellent leaders to be looked up to, and thus an emotional charismatic community is formed in the form of a religious order or a clan. Originally, charisma was a concept that shared much in content with the Melanesian native concept of mana, which refers to a mysterious, supernatural, impersonal power that is omnipresent in the universe, and with the concept of the sacred in religious studies since E. Durkheim. … *Some of the terminology that refers to the "charismatic community" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…広い意味ではカリスマとは,特定の人物に宿っているとみなされる非日常的な天与の資質を指す包括的な概念である。この超自然的・超人間的な非凡の才能を発揮するカリスマ的人物は,神から遣わされた指導者,あるいは仰ぐべき優れた指導者として帰依者に評価され,こうして宗団または従士団の形をとる情緒的なカリスマ的共同体ができる。もともとカリスマは,宇宙に遍在する神秘的・超自然的な非人格的威力を指すマナmanaというメラネシア原住民の観念や,É.デュルケーム以来の宗教学的な〈聖〉の概念とも,内容的に共通する点の多い概念であった。… ※「カリスマ的共同体」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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