Kaya Shirao

Japanese: 加舎白雄 - かや・しらお

Year of death: September 13, 1791 (October 10, 1791)
Year of birth: Genbun 3.8.20 (1738.10.3)
A haiku poet of the mid-Edo period, he is one of the five great poets of the Meiji Restoration along with Yosa Buson and others. His childhood name was Gorokichi. His real name was Yoshiharu, and was also known as Kyo. He was also known as Hirata Chujiro. His other names included Saikarasu, Shiraobo, and Shunjuan. He was born in Edo as the second son of Kasha Chubei Yoshiyuki, a samurai of Ueda Domain in Shinano Province (Nagano Prefecture). He was a member of the Karasumei and Shirai Torisui school. He lived with Karasumei at Shoroan for around seven years, and after training he travelled around the country, and in the autumn of 1771 (Meiwa 8) he published a book on haiku called Kasarina Tori in Kyoto, in which he argued that one should leave personal opinions aside and write poems as they are. At the memorial service for the seventh anniversary of Torisui's death in 1775 (An'ei 4), he was excommunicated by Karasumei for disrespectful behaviour, and left Edo. In the same year, he returned to Edo and established Shunjuan in Nihonbashi, where he built up his influence mainly in the Kanto region, producing such influential disciples as Suzuki Michihiko, Takebe Sucho, and Kurata Katsuzou, who were active in the haiku world during the Bunka era. His style was characterized by his modern depictions of nature, such as in "I miss people, the light is shining, and the cherry blossoms fall." <References> Yaba Katsuyuki, "Haiku poet Hakuo/The person and his works," Yajima Nagisao, "Hakuo's excellent verses"

(Sadahiko Kato)

Source: Asahi Japanese Historical Biography: Asahi Shimbun Publications Inc. About Asahi Japanese Historical Biography

Japanese:

没年：寛政3.9.13(1791.10.10)
生年：元文3.8.20(1738.10.3)
江戸中期の俳人で,与謝蕪村などと共に中興五傑のひとり。幼名五郎吉。本名吉春,また競。平田忠次郎と称したこともある。別号,昨烏,白尾坊,春秋庵など。信濃国(長野県)上田藩士加舎忠兵衛吉亨の次男として,江戸に生まれる。烏明および白井鳥酔門。7年間ほど烏明の松露庵に同居し,修業後,諸国を行脚,明和8(1771)年秋,京において俳論書『加佐里那止』を出し,私意を去り,あるがままに詠むべきことを主張した。安永4(1775)年の鳥酔7回忌法要で,不遜の行いがあったとして烏明から破門され,江戸を退去。同9年,江戸に戻り日本橋に春秋庵を設け,関東を中心に勢力を築き,鈴木道彦,建部巣兆,倉田葛三ら化政期の俳壇に活躍する有力門人を輩出した。作風は,「人恋し灯ともしごろをさくらちる」など,近代的な感覚による自然描写に特色がある。<参考文献>矢羽勝幸『俳人白雄/人と作品』,矢島渚男『白雄の秀句』

(加藤定彦)

出典　朝日日本歴史人物事典：（株）朝日新聞出版朝日日本歴史人物事典について　情報

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