Henan Tenmoku

Japanese: 河南天目 - かなんてんもく

...From the late Northern Song to the Jin dynasty, Song Sancai, which inherited the style of Tang Sancai, and Song Akae, which was painted in red or green on a white-glazed ground, were produced. During the Jin dynasty, they produced iron-glazed ware on a white-glazed ground, ware with iron paintings of flowers, birds, and stories, and a type called Henan Tenmoku, which was completely covered in black glaze. Cizhou kiln-related pottery was also produced at the Qianwa kilns and Lindong kilns within the Liao dynasty, and influenced the Jizhou kilns and Guangdong kilns in Jiangxi Province in southern China, leading to the production of white-glazed iron-painted pottery in various places. ...

From [Tenmoku]

…The Jianzhan wares of Jian kilns in Fujian Province are representative of this, firing Yuteki Tenmoku, Yohen Tenmoku, and Nogime Tenmoku, all highly prized in Japan, while Jizhou kilns in Jiangxi Province produce Taihisan, which is double-glazed with black glaze and straw ash glaze, and Konoha Tenmoku, which is glazed and fired with leaves. In addition, kilns related to the Cizhou kilns in North China produce black-glazed bowls, plates, bottles, and vases, which are widely known as Henan Tenmoku, and Ding kilns in Hebei Province fire bowls, bottles, and vases, which are glazed with Tenmoku glazes, which are known as Black Ding and Hong Ding. Jianzhan wares in particular are noteworthy for their functional use as bowls for drinking tea. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "Henan Tenmoku" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…北宋後期から金代になると唐三彩の流れを受けついだ宋三彩，白釉地に赤や緑で絵付を行った宋赤絵などが生産されている。金代には白釉地に鉄彩を施したものや，鉄絵で花鳥や物語を描いたもの，全面に黒釉をかけた河南天目といわれるものを生産している。磁州窯系の焼物は遼の領域内の乾瓦窯や林東窯でもつくられ，華南の江西省吉州窯，広東窯にも影響を与え，各地で白釉鉄絵の焼物がつくられた。…

【天目】より

…福建省建窯の建盞（けんさん）はその代表的なもので，日本で珍重される油滴天目，曜変天目，禾目（のぎめ）天目などを焼き，江西省の吉州窯では，黒釉とわら灰釉を二重がけした玳皮盞（たいひさん）や木の葉を釉化して焼きつけた木葉天目などが作られている。また華北一帯の磁州窯系の窯では，広く河南天目と呼ぶ黒釉のかかった碗，盤，瓶，壺などが作られ，河北省の定窯では黒定，紅定と呼ぶ天目釉のかかった碗，瓶，壺などが焼造された。とくに建盞は喫茶用の碗として機能的に作られているのが注目される。…

※「河南天目」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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