…He was invited to join the newly established Academie des Sciences in France, and became the first director of the newly established Paris Observatory, and became a naturalized French citizen in 1669. He achieved many accomplishments, including discovering the gap in Saturn's rings (Cassini's Division), discovering the moons of Saturn, and proposing Cassini's Law of the Moon's rotation. He also got into geodesy and began a national survey of France, which was passed down from his son to his grandson until it was completed. The second was Jacques C. (1677-1756), born in Paris. … From the map: In the second half of the 17th century, the center of cartography shifted to Paris, and in 1658, royal geographer N. Sanson published an atlas that made full use of the well-balanced sine-area projection (Sanson projection). The Italian astronomer G. D. Cassini, who was invited from Italy to become the director of the Paris Observatory in 1669, and his descendants made great contributions to geodesy and cartography, and his 1:86,400 map of France (182 sheets in total), completed in 1793, was a precise topographical map created by triangulation surveying, which had a major impact on subsequent official maps produced by developed countries, and ushered in the "era of large-scale maps" that continues to this day. From [Mon]…(3) The descending node of the Moon's equator and the ascending node of the Moon's ecliptic always coincide with each other. These three laws were empirically determined from observations by the 17th-century Italian astronomer G.D. Cassini, and are known as the Cassini Laws. This first law dictates that the Moon always presents the same side to the Earth. … From the Observatory Astronomical observatories are facilities that use telescopes and other observational instruments to observe the celestial bodies and the universe. In addition to observations, many observatories are equipped with measurement and analytical equipment, data, and literature to conduct various types of astronomical research. *Some of the terminology that mentions "Cassini, GD" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…新たに生まれたフランスのアカデミー・デ・シアンスに招かれ,さらに新設のパリ天文台の初代台長に就任して,69年フランスに帰化した。土星の環にある間隙(カッシニの隙間),土星の衛星の発見,月の自転に関するカッシニの法則の提案などの業績を挙げ,また測地学にも手を染め,フランスの全国的測量に着手したが,これは息子から孫に受け継がれて完成されることになった。 2代目はジャックJacques C.(1677‐1756)で,パリ生れ。… 【地図】より… 17世紀後半になると,地図学の中心はパリに移り,王室地理学者サンソンN.Sansonは1658年均整のとれた正弦正積図法(サンソン図法)を駆使した地図帳を刊行した。1669年パリ天文台長としてイタリアから招かれた天文学者G.D.カッシニとその子孫の測地学・地図学への貢献は大きく,1793年に完成した8万6400分の1フランス全域図(全182葉)は,三角測量による精密な地形図で,その後の先進諸国の官製地図に大きな影響を及ぼし,現在に続く〈大縮尺図時代〉を到来させることとなった。 【月】より…(3)黄道面に対する月の赤道の降交点と白道の昇交点とはつねに一致している。この三つの法則は,17世紀のイタリアの天文学者G.D.カッシニによって観測結果から経験的に求められたもので,カッシニの法則と呼ばれている。この第1法則から,月は地球に対していつも同じ面を向けていることになる。… 【天文台】より…望遠鏡はじめ諸種の観測器械を使って,天体や宇宙の観測をする施設をいう。観測のほかに,測定・解析用機器や資料,文献を備えて,天文学の諸種の研究を行う天文台も多い。 ※「カッシニ,G.D.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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