Hyperventilation syndrome

Hyperventilation syndrome is " Hyperventilation ( Kakanki ) Also known as "hypercalcitrance syndrome," symptoms include tension, excitement, fear, pain, and fatigue followed by sudden tightness in the chest, rapid breathing, and difficulty in taking in air. The patient also feels extreme anxiety that they will die, as well as experiencing headaches, dizziness, and numbness and convulsions in the limbs.

It is believed that repeated bouts of hyperventilation physiologically reduce the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood, and the decrease in blood calcium ions due to respiratory alkalosis affects the respiratory, circulatory, and nervous systems, resulting in a variety of symptoms on both the physical and mental levels.

If the person is conscious and alert during a seizure, instruct them to breathe slowly and hold their breath. It is also effective to hold a plastic or paper bag over the nose and mouth and have them repeatedly exhale and then inhale. However, a plastic bag Suffocation ( Immediately ) There is a risk of this happening so caution is required.

Once the attacks have subsided, anti-anxiety medication may be administered to prevent recurrence. In addition, when attacks are not occurring, psychotherapy (psychotherapy) should be introduced to encourage awareness of the psychological issues that are the background to the attacks.

Source: Houken “Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia” Information about the Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia

　過呼吸症候群は「過換気(かかんき)症候群」ともいわれ、緊張や興奮、恐怖や疼痛、疲労などに続いて発作的に胸がしめつけられ、呼吸が速くなり空気が吸い込めない状態に陥り、「このまま死ぬのではないか」という極度の不安を感じるとともに、頭痛やめまい、四肢のしびれやけいれんなどを示します。

　発作的な過換気運動を繰り返すことで、生理学的には血液中の二酸化炭素の濃度が低下し、呼吸性アルカローシスによる血中カルシウムイオンの低下から、呼吸器系、循環器系、神経系に影響を及ぼし、心身両面に多様な症状が現れると考えられています。

　発作を起こしている時は、意識状態が清明ならば、ゆっくり呼吸したり息をこらえたりするように指示します。ビニール袋や紙袋を鼻と口にあてがって、吐いた息を再び吸うことを繰り返させることも効果的です。ただ、ビニール袋では窒息(ちっそく)する危険もあるので注意を要します。

　発作がおさまったら、再発を防ぐ意味で抗不安薬などを投与することもあります。また、非発作時には、発作の背景となる心理的な問題への気づきを促すためにも、精神療法（心理療法）に導入する必要があります。

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