Framed painting

Japanese: 額絵 - がくえ

...The arrangement of the deities depicted in the shrine paintings is closely related to the murals inside the temple, and they maintain the traditional nature of the murals well. Although they cannot shed the mural style, they can be placed in the required places inside the temple, and through the shrine paintings, Buddhist paintings have finally separated from temple murals and gained the freedom to move. (3) Framed paintings In the Saidaiji Ryuki Zaizaicho (colophon from 780), there is a record of a framed painting of "Pudding Mountain Pure Land Transformation" or "Yakushi Pure Land Transformation" being attached to a pillar on a stand called a Buddha stand or a tusk stand, and this is noted as "Shoji painting", and this framed painting style is known to have existed since ancient times. The only surviving example of this type is the "Kichijoten Statue" (Yakushiji Temple). ...

From [Buddhist Art]

...Examples include the Kisshoten shrine (Tokyo University of the Arts) and the Maitreya Bodhisattva shrine (Kofuku-ji Temple), both formerly owned by Joruri-ji Temple, and small portable shrines for storing relics or the Mandala of the Two Realms were also popular. Records show that in the Nara period, in addition to murals, there were also large framed paintings such as Mount Fudaraku and Yakushi Jodo Henso, but the only remaining remains are the statue of Kisshoten (Yakushi-ji Temple). Also, a large embroidered scroll of the Great Prajnaparamita and Kegon Henso appears in the Daian-ji Temple Asset Register (embroidered Buddha)....

From [Lithograph]

...Lithographs flourished in the 1870s as illustrations for magazines and books, and Koshiba Hide (1858-1936), Takahashi Setuo (1865-1938), Watanabe Yuko (1855-1942), and others were active in this field. From 1887 to 1892, the heyday of "framed pictures," single-piece lithographs for viewing purposes, became popular. Large-format prints were possible, and brush-colored sand-grain lithographs that could produce a photographic-like realistic appearance became popular, and Kamei Shiichi (1843-1905), known for his illustrations for Keikoku Bidan, and others showed off their skills. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "framed paintings" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…厨子絵に描かれる諸尊の配置は，堂内壁画と密接な関係があり，壁画の伝統性をよく保持し，壁画形式を脱皮しえないまでも，堂内の所要の個所に安置することができるため，厨子絵によって仏画はようやく寺院壁画から離脱して，移動の自由を獲得するにいたった。(3)額絵　仏台や牙台と呼ばれる台上に柱を立てて〈補陀落山浄土変〉や〈薬師浄土変〉の額絵を装着する記載が《西大寺流記資財帳》(宝亀11年(780)奥書)にあり〈障子絵〉と注記され，この額絵形式は古くから存することが知られる。この種の遺品としてはわずかに《吉祥天像》(薬師寺)がある。…

【仏教美術】より

…浄瑠璃寺旧蔵の吉祥天厨子(東京芸術大学)や弥勒菩薩厨子(興福寺)などがその例で，内部に舎利や両界曼荼羅などを納める携帯用の小型厨子も流行した。　奈良時代には壁画のほかに補陀落（ふだらく）山，薬師浄土変相など大画面の額絵もあったことが記録類にみられるが，遺品はわずかに吉祥天像(薬師寺)のみである。また大般若･華厳変相の大繡帳の掛幅も《大安寺資財帳》にみえる(繡仏)。…

【リトグラフ】より

…明治10年代の石版画は雑誌，書籍の挿絵として興隆し，小柴英(1858‐1936)，高橋節雄(1865‐1938)，渡辺幽香(1855‐1942)らが活躍した。明治20～25年は〈額絵〉という鑑賞用一枚もの石版画の全盛時代となる。大判が刷れ，写真的な本物らしさが出せる砂目石版に筆で彩色したものが流行し，《経国美談》の挿絵で知られる亀井至一(1843‐1905)らが腕を振るった。…

※「額絵」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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