Born: May 13, 1753. Côte d'Or, Noray [Died] August 2, 1823, Magdeburg. French politician and mathematician. Known as "the organizer of victory" or "the great Carnot." In August 1793, he became a member of the Committee of Public Safety, and led the national defense, contributing to the organization of a modern national army. He participated in the coup d'état of Thermidor 9 (the hot month of the revolutionary calendar, July 27, 1794), and was appointed one of the Directors of the Directory in October 1795, but was expelled in the coup d'état of Fructidor 18 (the full month of the revolutionary calendar, September 4, 1897). He then became an enemy of the imperial government and retreated into the countryside, but in 1814, when his country was facing a crisis, he defended the fortress of Antwerp. He was Napoleon I's Minister of the Interior during the "Hundred Days." He went into exile when the monarchy was restored. His achievements in analytical geometry and synthetic geometry are extremely noteworthy. Main author: "Essai sur les machines en général" (83), "Position Geometry" (1803). Carnot |
[生]1753.5.13. コートドール,ノレー [没]1823.8.2. マクデブルク フランスの政治家,数学者。「勝利の組織者」または「大カルノー」と呼ばれる。 1793年8月公安委員会委員となり,国防の陣頭に立って近代的国民軍の組織化に貢献した。テルミドール九日 (革命暦の熱月,1794.7.27.) のクーデターに参加し,95年 10月から総裁政府の総裁の一人に指名されたが,フリュクティドール 18日 (革命暦の実月,97.9.4.) のクーデターで除名された。その後帝政に敵対して野に下ったが,1814年祖国の危機を目前にしてアントウェルペンの要塞を防衛。ナポレオン1世の「百日天下」の内務相。王政復古にあたり亡命。解析幾何学や総合幾何学についての彼の業績は,きわめて注目に値する。主著"Essai sur les machines en général" (83) ,『位置幾何学』 Géométrie de position (1803) 。 カルノー
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