Naturalization - English spelling: naturalization

Japanese: 帰化 - きか(英語表記)naturalization
Naturalization - English spelling: naturalization

Acquiring nationality by one's own will. The conditions for granting nationality to those who do not have the nationality of their own country vary greatly depending on the legal policy of each country.

Japan's Nationality Act stipulates that naturalization conditions be divided into three categories depending on the applicant's qualifications: ordinary naturalization (Article 5), simplified naturalization (Articles 6, 7, and 8), and full naturalization (Article 9). The Act also leaves the decision to grant naturalization to the Minister of Justice at his discretion (Article 4).

Ordinary naturalization requires that a person has continuously resided in Japan for more than five years, is over 20 years old, is capable according to the law of his/her home country, is of good conduct, can earn a living by himself/herself or through his/her spouse or other relatives, and is either not a citizen or will lose his/her citizenship upon naturalization. However, the last requirement is relaxed in certain cases. Simplified naturalization relaxes the above-mentioned residence and age requirements for children of Japanese nationals, while general naturalization is granted with the approval of the Diet to foreigners who have made special contributions to Japan. Apart from naturalization, a person who has lost Japanese nationality because he/she did not express an intention to retain his/her nationality is allowed to acquire Japanese nationality by notifying the Minister of Justice (Article 17 of the Nationality Act).

[Keiro Sawaki and Masato Michigauchi May 19, 2016]

[Reference] | Nationality | Citizen

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

個人の意思により国籍を取得すること。自国の国籍を有しない者に対していかなる要件で国籍取得を認めるかについては、各国の法政策により大きく異なる。

 日本の国籍法では、申請者の資格に応じて、普通帰化(同法5条)、簡易帰化(同法6・7・8条)、大帰化(同法9条)の三つに分けて帰化条件を定めるとともに、外国人の申請に対する帰化の許可を法務大臣の裁量にゆだねている(同法4条)。

 普通帰化は、引き続き5年以上日本に居住し、20歳以上で、本国法による能力者であり、素行が善良であること、自己または配偶者その他の親族によって生計を営むことができること、国籍を有しないか、帰化により国籍を失うことなどの要件を必要とする。ただ最後の要件は一定の場合に緩和されている。簡易帰化は、日本国民の子などについて、前記の居住要件や年齢要件などを緩和したものであり、大帰化は、日本に特別功労のある外国人について、国会の承認を得て許可されるものである。帰化とは別に、国籍留保の意思表示をしなかったため日本国籍を失った者が、法務大臣への届出により日本国籍を取得することが認められている(国籍法17条)。

[澤木敬郎・道垣内正人 2016年5月19日]

[参照項目] | 国籍 | 国民

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

<<:  Kiga [Hot Spring] - Kiga

>>:  Vaporization - Kika (English spelling)

Recommend

Chelyabinsk (English spelling) Челябинск/Chelyabinsk

A large industrial city in the Urals, central Rus...

Far East Wind - Kyokutoufu

…there is an equatorial calm zone near the equato...

Adapis - Adapis (English spelling)

A family of fossil primates from the Eocene epoch...

Bellovaci

...It was formed in the 3rd century BC by a mixtu...

Inunankakuran (English name) Tmesipteris

Its Japanese name was given to it because of its r...

Steel industry

In the narrow sense, it refers to the production ...

Helikōn (English spelling) Helikon

They are said to have acted as judges in musical ...

Facial pain

Pain in the face is sometimes called facial neural...

Kitanosho

A strategic location in the Middle Ages in Fukui C...

Cardioangiography - Shinkekkanzoueiho (English)

An examination method to determine cardiac functio...

Shooting on foot - Busha

Originally, it was a general term for archery on ...

Artist - Edakumi

〘 noun 〙① The painter under the ritsuryo system. A...

Ibsen Museum - Ibsen Museum

...the port was an export port for timber, wood p...

Tamarind (English spelling) Tamarindus indica; tamarind

An evergreen tall tree of the legume family, nativ...

Sakuma Morimasa

Year of death: May 12, 1583 (July 1, 1583) Year of...