Temperature acclimation

Japanese: 温度順応 - おんどじゅんのう

...Similar changes occur at the individual level when exposed to different temperature conditions. Temperature adaptation at the individual level can occur due to geographic or seasonal variations in temperature (climate acclimation), but can also be produced by rearing animals at different temperatures for a period of time (temperature acclimation).
[Temperature adaptation of cold-blooded animals]
In cold-blooded animals, the body temperature rises and falls with changes in the external temperature, so their metabolism and activity are directly affected by the external temperature, but the way in which they are affected varies from species to species, and each species has its own unique temperature characteristics that correspond to the temperature of its habitat.

From [Adaptation]

...the phenomenon in which the physiological characteristics of an individual organism gradually change in a direction that is favorable for survival in response to changes in environmental conditions. For example, there are various types of adaptation to environmental factors, such as salinity adaptation, in which freshwater fish such as killifish gradually become accustomed to salt water and eventually become able to live in seawater; temperature adaptation, in which animals raised in high and low temperatures become resistant to high and low temperatures, respectively; and altitude adaptation, in which staying at high altitudes where the air is thin for several days to several weeks increases blood hemoglobin and adjusts the function of the lungs and heart, allowing organisms to function nearly as normally as they normally do. In general, this is a non-genetic adaptation phenomenon, and most of the changes are reversible. ...

*Some of the terms that refer to "temperature acclimation" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…また個体のレベルでも異なった温度条件下におかれた場合にも同じような変化がおこる。個体レベルの温度適応現象は温度の地理的な差あるいは季節的変動によってもおこりうるが(気候順化)，異なった温度である期間飼育することによってもつくりだすことができる(温度順応)。
［変温動物の温度適応］
　変温動物では体温は外界の温度変化にともなって上下するので，代謝や活動性は外温の影響を直接に受けるが，その受け方は種によって異なり，それぞれの種は生息環境の温度と対応した固有の温度特性をもっている。…

【順応】より

…生物個体の生理的性質が，環境条件の変化に応じて，生存に有利な方向に徐々に変化する現象。たとえばメダカなどの淡水魚が徐々に塩水になれて，最終的に海水でも生活できるようになる塩分順応，高温や低温で飼育された動物が，それぞれ高温や低温に強くなる温度順応，空気の希薄な高地に数日～数週間滞在すると血中ヘモグロビンが増加し，肺や心臓の機能が調整されて平常に近い活動ができるようになる高度順応など，さまざまの環境要因にたいする順応がある。一般には非遺伝的な適応adaptation現象であって多くは可逆的変化である。…

※「温度順応」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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