Pardon power - onsha taiken

...Supreme Command), (7) Prerogative of Military Administration (Article 12), (8) Prerogative of Foreign Affairs (Declaration of War, Peace, Conclusion of Treaties; Article 13), (9) Prerogative of Martial Law (Article 14), (10) Prerogative of Emergency (Article 31), (11) Prerogative of Honor (Article 15), (12) Prerogative of Pardon (Article 16), (13) Prerogative of Revising the Constitution (Article 73). In principle, the Ministers of State advise the Emperor in exercising these prerogatives and bear responsibility for them (Article 55), but under customary law the Prerogative of Supreme Command and Prerogative of Honor were outside the scope of the Ministers of State's advice.

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "pardon power" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…統帥権)，(7)軍政大権(12条)，(8)外交大権(宣戦，講和，条約締結。13条)，(9)戒厳大権(14条)，(10)非常大権(31条)，(11)栄誉大権(15条)，(12)恩赦大権(16条)，(13)憲法改正大権(73条)である。これら大権を天皇が行うにあたっては国務大臣が輔弼し，その責任を負うのが原則であるが(55条)，統帥大権，栄誉大権は慣習法的に国務大臣の輔弼の範囲外とされていた。…

※「恩赦大権」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報