An Austrian conductor. With a wide repertoire, energetic activities, and many statements and actions that drew social attention, he is considered one of the leading performers of the second half of the 20th century. Born April 5th in Salzburg. He studied in his hometown and Vienna, and in 1927 he became the conductor of the Ulm Opera House in Germany, and subsequently served as the conductor of the Aachen Opera House and the Berlin State Opera. After World War II, he was banned from public office, but resumed his activities in 1947 and quickly rose to fame. In 1955, he succeeded Furtwängler as the fourth permanent conductor of the Berlin Philharmonic, and the following year he became its artistic director for life. Since then, he held all the key posts in the Western European music world, and came to be called "Emperor Karajan." He first came to Japan in 1954 (Showa 29) as a guest performer with the NHK Symphony Orchestra. Since then, he has visited Japan nine times, all with the Berlin Philharmonic, except for the Vienna Philharmonic in 1959. In the spring of 1989, he was awarded the Order of the Rising Sun, Grand Cordon, Second Class. He also devoted himself to nurturing the next generation of conductors, and in 1969 he established the Herbert von Karajan Foundation and the Karajan Competition to discover young conductors. He passed away on July 16, 1989. [Hiroyuki Iwai] "Talking about Karajan's autobiography" by F. Endler, translated by Sentaro Yoshida (1989, Hakusuisha) " "Karajan - Behind the Glory" by R.C. Bachmann, translated by Midori Yokota (1985, Ongaku No Tomosha) [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
オーストリアの指揮者。広いレパートリーに加えて精力的な活動を誇り、また社会的な注目を浴びる言動が多く、20世紀後半を代表する演奏家の一人と目される。4月5日ザルツブルクに生まれる。生地およびウィーンで学び、1927年ドイツのウルム歌劇場指揮者になったのを振り出しに、アーヘン歌劇場、ベルリン国立歌劇場の指揮者を歴任。第二次世界大戦後、公職追放されたが、47年活動を再開、急速に名を高めた。55年、フルトベングラーの後任としてベルリン・フィルハーモニーの第4代常任指揮者、翌56年終身芸術監督に就任、以来西欧の音楽界の枢要ポストを一手に収めたため、「帝王カラヤン」とよばれるに至った。54年(昭和29)N響に客演のため初来日。以後、59年のウィーン・フィルを除けば、すべてベルリン・フィルと9回来日。89年春の叙勲では、勲二等旭日(きょくじつ)重光章を受章している。後進の育成にも力を注ぎ、69年には「ヘルベルト・フォン・カラヤン財団」を設立、若い指揮者発掘のためカラヤン・コンクールを新設した。89年7月16日没。 [岩井宏之] 『F・エンドラー記、吉田仙太郎訳『カラヤン自伝を語る』(1989・白水社)』▽『R・C・バッハマン著、横田みどり訳『カラヤン――栄光の裏側に』(1985・音楽之友社)』 [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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