Master - Oyakata

Japanese: 親方 - おやかた

〘Noun〙① (In stories from the Heian period, it is customarily called "oyagata") A person who acts as a parent. Also, a person who should be respected like a parent. ※Utsubo (around 970-999), Kuniyori no Shita "Even though he is not a retainer, he is Hyoe's parent, and he is always referred to as such."② An older person. Mainly used within the family. ※Shiji Sho (1477), 13 "Cousin. An older brother is a little bit older."③ The eldest brother who will inherit the family. Also simply refers to an older brother. ※Otogi Zoushi, Jubon Ogi (collected in the Koten Bunko collection) (late Muromachi period) "Since the older brother is the parent, we do not say that we will respect him as the parent, but since the younger brother is the second son, we will not say that we will respect him as the parent."④ A parent. Mainly refers to adoptive parents. ※Kinryo Ko - Goshu, Vol. 2, Vol. 20, Bunsei 3 (1820) "If a parent who kills an unborn child or adopted child is imprudent and _kills him, he will be exiled, but if the master kills him for his own gain, he will be sentenced to death."⑤ Head of a family group. A person who is considered the representative of the family. ※Meitokuki (around 1392-93) Vol. 1 "Even so, Shuri-no-tayu is the master of the family."⑥ A master to whom craftsmen, laborers, servants, etc. should serve. Head. Boss. [Nippo Jisho ( 1603-04)] (a) A title used by servants such as apprentices and storekeepers in a merchant's house to call their master. ※Ukiyo-zoshi, Seken Munesanyo (1692) Vol. 3 "Then, the young servants are well looked after by their parents." (b) A person who teaches craftsmen and apprentices professional skills and supervises their lives. ※Tenrihon Kyogen, Nuritsuki (late Muromachi period - early modern period) "As always, he said to the master of his house, 'I wish I could give you a gift.'" (Ha) The owner of a brothel. The man in charge. Bridle. ※Storybook, Shikanomakihide (1686) 3 "The high-ranking ladies of Yoshiwara thought very much that it was the master's daughter's festival." (Ni) The head of laborers, construction workers, etc. ※Tohanjoki (1837) Beggars "In each section there are old men who earn a lot of money, and they are called beggars, sometimes called bosses, and sometimes called hut heads." (Ho) In the Edo period, deputies and police officers called their heads and managers. ※Edict Kanpo Shusei - 18, May 1741 (Kanpo 1) "When a yoriki, a doshin, or a relative applies to work as a guard, the guard will of course cooperate with his boss" (He) A word used to call out to a person considered to be a supervisor or a person in charge. Also, a title used by a tout to call out to a customer. ※Kakushihon, Gekiba Suigon, Outside the Curtain (1806), 2nd part "Boss, boss, come over here" ⑦ Abbreviation of the Kabuki role, Oyajigata. ※Haikai, Ryogin Ichinichi Senku (1679), 4th part "The crows of the moon, then, are they children or bosses? (Tomoyuki ) The number is sixteen, the colors of Musashino ( Saikaku)" ⑧ A title of respect for an actor. It was used for actors other than Tayumoto until the early Meiji period. ※Kabuki・Shibaraku (1714) "If you please, boss, why didn't you come out tonight in this cold weather?"⑨ An old family or landlord in a village. Village headman. Also, a landlord who employs many farmers. ⇔ A child's relative. ※The World of Haiku (1954)〈Yamamoto Kenkichi〉2 "Those in the relationship of boss and child have a narrower, closer relationship."⑩ A parent in a temporary parent-child relationship. An adoptive parent, a foster parent, an eboshi parent, a kaneo parent, a matchmaker parent, etc. ⑪ An honorific title for a senior in sumo. ⑫ A promoter of a mutual respect group. A parent. ※Horyu-ji documents - 8th (date missing ) Raishi Kikishiki "Even so, if the boss is a person who can get a share, he can only be the main point of the gratitude association, and should not be an unnecessary matter at all."⑬ One of the ranks in the Ryukyus. They were ranked between Anzu and Oyakumoi , and were also called Shikan due to the color of their crowns. People of this rank held important posts in domestic and foreign affairs, such as Sanshikan and Shinkou Seishi. *Reading book, Tsubakisetsu Yumiharigetsu (1807-11), continued: "In the main hall of Ryugu- jo Palace, the Oyakata Anji, including Toshiyū, were gathered to hear the people's lawsuits."

Oya-gata [Boss]

〘Noun〙 = Oyakata (master)①

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① (平安時代の物語類では慣習的に「おやがた」とよむ) 親の代わりとなるような人。また、親のように尊敬すべき人。※宇津保（970‐999頃）国譲下「さも侍らねど、兵衛のおやかたにて、つねに申さすれば」② 年上の者。おもに一族の中でいう。※史記抄（1477）一三「従兄いとこどしぞ。兄といふは、ちっとをやかたぞ」③ 家を継ぐ者としての長兄。また、単に兄をいう。※御伽草子・十本扇（古典文庫所収）（室町末）「兄はおや方なればおやをふぢ申さんといふ、弟は次男なればとて」④ 親のこと。おもに養親をいう。※禁令考‐後集・第二・巻二〇・文政三年（1820）「非分も無之実子養子を殺候親、短慮に而与_レ風殺候はば、遠島、但、親方之もの利得を以殺候はば、死罪」⑤ 同族集団のかしら。一族の代表とされる者。※明徳記（1392‐93頃か）上「さるにても修理大夫は一家の親方にて」⑥ 職人、人夫、奉公人などが仕えるべき主人。かしら。親分。〔日葡辞書（1603‐04）〕(イ) 商家の丁稚(でっち)、番頭など使用人がその主人を呼ぶ称。※浮世草子・世間胸算用（1692）三「扨また召つかひの若ひ者、よくよく親かた大事に思ひ」(ロ) 職人、徒弟に職業上の技能を教えこみ、その生活をも監督する者。※天理本狂言・塗附（室町末‐近世初）「いつものごとくおやかた達へお礼におりゃるまひかと云」(ハ) 遊女屋の主人。抱え主。くつわ。※咄本・鹿の巻筆（1686）三「吉原の上臈、おもひおもひにおやかたの娘の節句なりとて」(ニ) 人足、土方などの頭。※都繁昌記（1837）乞食「各部多銭翁有、此を乞頭と為、或は親方と称し、或は小屋頭と称す」(ホ) 江戸時代、与力や同心などがその頭、支配人を呼ぶ称。※御触書寛保集成‐一八・寛保元年（1741）五月「与力、同心共忰又は親類之内、番代相願、勤させ候時、番代之者方よりは其親方之者共え、合力之儀何分にも宜敷可仕事勿論に候」(ヘ) 差配役や責任者と目される人物に呼びかける語。また、客引きが客に呼びかける称。※滑稽本・戯場粋言幕の外（1806）下「親方親方、こっちへお出なんし」⑦ 歌舞伎の役柄、親仁形(おやじがた)の略称。※俳諧・両吟一日千句（1679）第四「月の烏さては子かたか親方か〈友雪〉数は十六むさし野の色〈西鶴〉」⑧ 役者の敬称。太夫元(たゆうもと)以外の俳優に対して明治初年までいった。※歌舞伎・暫（1714）「もし親方、お前まあ、この寒いに、よふ御出なさんした」⑨ 村の旧家、大家。村名主。また多くの抱え百姓をもつ地主。⇔子方(こかた)。※俳句の世界（1954）〈山本健吉〉二「親方・子方の関係にあるものとかが、もっと狭い、緊密な関係にある交際であって」⑩ 仮の親子関係における親。取り上げ親、拾い親、烏帽子親、鉄漿(かね)親、仲人親など。⑪ 相撲で年寄の敬称。⑫ 頼母子講(たのもしこう)の発起人。親。※法隆寺文書‐八・（年月日欠）頼支規式「仍親方於可得分者、偏可為御報恩会之要脚、聊も不可用余事」⑬ 琉球の位階の一つ。按司(あんず)と親雲上(おやくもい)の間に位し、冠の色によって紫冠ともいう。この階級の者は、三司官、進貢(しんこう)正使など、内政外交の要職についた。※読本・椿説弓張月（1807‐11）続「龍宮城の正殿(まんどころ)に利勇等以下の親方(オヤカタ)按司を集合(つどへ)民の訟を聞きて坐(おは)せしに」