Oxbow Incident

Japanese: 《オックスボウ事件》 - おっくすぼうじけん

...He is famous for directing the aviation masterpiece "Wings" (1927), which won the first Academy Award for Best Picture, but he also worked in a wide variety of genres as a so-called "in-house studio director" during the 1930s, when Hollywood film production was at its most prolific. In particular, "An Enemy of the People" (1931), which turned James Cagney into an immortal gangster, and "A Star is Born" became a classic behind-the-scenes film (winning the Academy Award for Best Original Story in 1937), "The Ox-Bow Incident," which brought a psychological drama to the Western genre with the theme of lynching, marked the beginning of the "adult western," and "G.I. Joe" (1945) was a new war film that realistically depicted the battlefield, revitalizing each genre and leaving a mark that went beyond that of a mere skilled director. Born in New York. ...

From Fonda

...After that, he played a series of roles in the Broadway play "Mister Roberts" (1948), which became a hit, and in 1955, he returned to Hollywood with the film adaptation of that play. He continued to appear on Broadway and on television, and was active in a variety of genres, including westerns, comedies, melodramas, and war films, and in 1978 he received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the American Film Institute (AFI). His most famous works were "The Grapes of Wrath," which depicts the shameful side of American society in the 1930s through the eyes of immigrant farmers in the west; "The Ox-Bow Incident" (1943), directed by William A. Wellman, which is set in Nevada at the end of the 19th century and denounces anti-social lynching; and "Twelve Angry Men" (1957), directed by Sidney Lumet, which depicts the protection of human rights through the jury system in modern America. Although he appeared in a total of 83 films, he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor only once, for "The Grapes of Wrath." ...

*Some of the terminology used in reference to the "Oxbow Incident" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…第1回アカデミー作品賞を受賞した航空映画の名作《つばさ》(1927)の監督として有名だが，ハリウッドの映画製作がもっとも豊饒（ほうじよう）だった1930年代を中心に，いわゆる〈企業内監督studio director〉として多彩なジャンルをこなした。とりわけ，ジェームズ･キャグニーを不滅のギャングスターに仕立てた《民衆の敵》(1931)は，ホークス監督の《暗黒街の顔役》とともにギャング映画流行のきっかけを作り，《スタア誕生》は内幕物の名作となり(1937年アカデミー･オリジナルストーリー賞受賞)，私刑をテーマに心理ドラマを西部劇にもちこんだ《オックスボウ事件》は〈アダルト･ウェスタン〉のはしりとして，《G･I･ジョー》(1945)は戦場をリアルに描いた新しい戦争映画として，それぞれのジャンルを活性化させ，単なる職人監督以上の足跡を残した。ニューヨーク生れ。…

【フォンダ】より

…そのあとブロードウェーの《ミスター･ロバーツ》(1948)がヒットして続演をかさね，55年，その映画化でハリウッドへ復帰，さらにブロードウェーとテレビの出演をつづけながら，西部劇，喜劇，メロドラマ，戦争映画と多彩なジャンルで活躍して，78年にはアメリカ映画協会(AFI)の功労賞を受賞した。　西部の移住農民を通して30年代アメリカ社会の恥部を描いた《怒りの葡萄》，19世期末のネバダ州を舞台に反社会的なリンチを告発したウィリアム･A.ウェルマン監督《オックス･ボウ事件》(1943)，現代アメリカの陪審制度による人権擁護を描いたシドニー･ルメット監督《十二人の怒れる男》(1957)をみずからの代表作として誇りにしていた。合計83本の映画に出演しながらアカデミー主演男優賞にノミネートされたのは《怒りの葡萄》でただ1度だけ。…

※「《オックスボウ事件》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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