Companion literature - Douhansha bungaku

Japanese: 同伴者文学 - どうはんしゃぶんがく

A term used in Soviet literature of the 1920s to refer to the literature of writers who were not proletarian but who sympathized with the October Revolution. It originates from the term "poputchiki" (companions) used by Trotsky in his literary essay collection Literature and Revolution (1923). It includes a variety of writers, including Leonov, Fedin, Pilnyak, Babel, Bulgakov, Zoshchenko, Katayev, and Yesenin, who were old intellectuals, peasants, and urban petty bourgeoisies. This name was also used to refer to AN Tolstoy and Ehrenburg, who returned from exile, as well as Mayakovsky and Pasternak, who were members of LEF (Left Artistic Front) and the Constructivist Literary Center.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1920年代のソビエト文学に用いられる用語で，プロレタリア作家ではないが，十月革命への同調を示した作家たちの文学をいう。トロツキーが文芸論集《文学と革命》(1923)で〈同伴者poputchiki〉の呼称を用いたのに由来する。レオーノフ，フェージン，ピリニャーク，バーベリ，ブルガーコフ，ゾーシチェンコ，カターエフ，エセーニンら旧知識人系，農民系，都市小市民系など，雑多な作家を含む。亡命から帰国後のA.N.トルストイやエレンブルグ，LEF（レフ）(芸術左翼戦線)や〈構成主義文学センター〉所属のマヤコーフスキー，パステルナークらもこの名で呼ばれた。

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