A piece of pottery or limestone used by the ancient Egyptians, Greeks, and Hebrews for writing letters, calculations, etc. The word ostracon (from the Greek ostraca, meaning a piece of pottery or shell) was used in ancient Egypt to refer to a piece of pottery or limestone flake commonly used instead of papyrus, on which letters, calculations, study exercises, poems, and fragments of texts were written in hieratic (priestly script), demotic (popular script), or Greek. They were also used to draw sketches for paintings and reliefs, and to make caricatures, and were used from the New Kingdom (c. 1567-1085 BC) through the Roman period. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
古代エジプト人,ギリシア人,ヘブライ人によって書簡,計算などに使用された陶片あるいは石灰岩。ギリシア語の陶片あるいは貝殻を意味するオストラコン (複数はオストラカ ostraka) が語源。古代エジプトではパピルスの代りに一般に用いられた陶片あるいは石灰岩の剥片をさし,書簡や計算書,学習のための練習,詩や文章の一部などをヒエラティック (神官文字) ,デモティック (民衆文字) ,ギリシア語で記した。また絵画や浮彫の習作や戯画なども描かれ,新王国時代 (前 1567~1085頃) からローマ時代にかけて使われた。
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