...Also, the cultural artifacts of the Italian Renaissance, which were introduced through the expeditionary forces, had a great impact on French Renaissance culture. In the field of art, the Italian style is most clearly seen in paintings, sculptures, and architecture such as the castles on the Loire River and the Louvre Palace under the direction of P. Lescot. In the field of thought, the influence of Italian humanism can be seen in the humanists who opposed the rule of the Church and were based in the Royal Professors (College de France) founded in 1530. Furthermore, the occupation of Naples by Charles VIII in 1495 triggered the rapid spread of syphilis, which would later be called the French disease or the Neapolitan disease, throughout Europe. From the College de France…an institution of higher education under the direct control of the French Ministry of Education. It was founded in March 1530 by Francis I, acting on the advice of the humanist William Budet, under the name of the Royal Faculty. At first it had only five lecturers, teaching Hebrew (two), Greek (two), and mathematics (one). … From [Bude]…His knowledge of Greek language, which became the basis of his research, was compiled in “Thoughts on the Greek Language” (1529), which has benefited generations for many years to come. He also played a key role as the father of the French Renaissance, collecting manuscripts of ancient languages as the first director of the Royal Library, influencing the cultural policies of the monarchy as a close aide to Francis I, and working hard to establish the royal professorship, Lecteurs royalaux (1530), the predecessor of the Collège de France. [Ninomiya Takashi]… *Some of the terminology explanations that refer to the "Royal Professors" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…また,遠征軍を通じて流入したイタリア・ルネサンスの文物は,フランスのルネサンス文化に大きな刺激を与えた。美術の領域では,絵画や彫刻のほか,ロアール河畔の城館やP.レスコの指揮したルーブル宮殿などの建築にイタリア様式が最もはっきり表れ,思想の分野では,1530年に設立された王立教授団(コレージュ・ド・フランス)を拠点とし,教会による支配に反対したユマニストたちに,イタリア人文主義の影響を見いだすことができる。さらに,1495年のシャルル8世によるナポリ占領は,以後フランス病ともナポリ病とも呼ばれることになる梅毒が,ヨーロッパ中に急速にまんえんするきっかけとなった。… 【コレージュ・ド・フランス】より…フランス文部省直轄の高等教育機関。フランソア1世が人文主義者のギヨーム・ビュデの進言を入れて,1530年3月,王立教授団という名の下に創設した。当初は5人の講師しかおらず,ヘブライ語(2人),ギリシア語(2人),数学(1人)を教えた。… 【ビュデ】より…こうした研究の基盤となった彼のギリシア語関係の造詣は《ギリシア語考》(1529)に集成され,永く後世を裨益した。また王立図書寮初代寮長として古代語写本の収集に努め,フランソア1世の側近として王権の文化政策に影響を与え,コレージュ・ド・フランスの前身にあたる王立教授団Lecteurs royauxの創設(1530)に尽力するなど,フランス・ルネサンスの父としての役割を果たした。【二宮 敬】。… ※「王立教授団」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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