...As a result, the trade balance of the Middle Eastern oil-producing countries as a whole increased from a surplus of $21.5 billion the previous year to a surplus of $77 billion in 1974, even though exports barely increased in 1974. The current account balance also turned into a large surplus of $60 billion. Naturally, this surplus was invested in dollar assets and other financial assets, but since the source of the funds was the result of a rapid increase in oil exports, it was called "oil dollars" or "oil money." Moreover, OPEC's price control as a cartel was strong, and the import amounts of these countries did not increase rapidly in proportion to the amount of exports due to factors such as the small population. ... *Some of the terminology that refers to "oil money" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…この結果,中東産油国全体でみると,74年には輸出量はほとんど増えなかったにもかかわらず,貿易収支は前年の215億ドルの黒字から770億ドルの黒字に増え,経常収支も600億ドルという大幅な黒字に転じた。この黒字は当然ドル資産その他の金融資産として運用されたが,その資金源が石油輸出の急増の結果であったため,〈オイル・ダラー〉または〈オイル・マネーoil money〉とよばれた。しかも,OPECのカルテルとしての価格支配力は強く,またこれらの国の輸入額は,人口数の少などの理由から輸出額に見合った急増はしなかった。… ※「オイル・マネー」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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