Bandung - Bandung (English spelling)

Japanese: バンドン - ばんどん(英語表記)Bandung
Bandung - Bandung (English spelling)

A city in the west of Java, Indonesia. Capital of West Java Province. Population: 2,657,600 (2001 estimate), 2,525,220 (2018 estimate). Located 120 km southeast of Jakarta, slightly north of the center of the Bandung Plateau, with an average elevation of 700 meters, surrounded by volcanoes over 2,000 meters high, such as Tangkuban Pulau, Patoja, Malabar, and Guntur. It used to be a lake bottom, but it was drained and formed into the current basin-like topography. Because of its high altitude, the average annual temperature is 22.3°C, and it feels cool in the mornings and evenings. For this reason, development began in the early 20th century as a comfortable residential area for Dutch citizens of Jakarta who suffered from the heat in the lowlands. As a typical example of a beautiful tropical colonial city, it was even given the nickname "Paris of Java."

The city is roughly divided into north and south by the central train station. Government offices, schools, and houses are lined up on the high, dry land in the north, and the Bandung Institute of Technology, Padjadjaran National University, the Mining Agency, the Geological Survey, and the Pasteur Institute are located there, forming the center of academic research in Java. The south side of the station is a shopping district, and the famous shopping center, Braga Street, is a famous shopping district. There is also a new shopping district, renamed Jalan Asia-Africa, after the first Asian-African Conference (Bandung Conference) was held in 1955. Bandung, as the center of Sundanese settlement, has maintained the traditions of Sundanese culture, which are different from that of Central Javanese culture, and is known for angklung music and wayang golek (wooden wayang puppets). The surrounding highlands are often cultivated with rice fields, and there are also kina and tea plantations.

[Atsuhiko Bekki]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

インドネシア、ジャワ島西部の都市。西ジャワ州の州都。人口約265万7600(2001推計)、252万5220(2018推計)。ジャカルタの南東120キロメートル、周辺をタンクバン・プラウ、パトハ、マラバル、グントールなど2000メートル以上の火山に囲まれる標高平均700メートルのバンドン高原の中央やや北寄りに位置する。かつては湖底であったが、排水されて現在の盆地的地形を形成したという。高度が高いので年平均気温は22.3℃、朝夕は冷気を感ずる。このため、低地の暑熱に悩むジャカルタのオランダ系市民にとって快適な居住地として、20世紀初頭から開発が進められた。熱帯の美しい植民都市の典型として、「ジャワのパリ」の別称さえ与えられた。

 市は中心の駅を挟んでほぼ南北に二分される。北側の高燥地には官庁、学校、住宅が建ち並び、バンドン工科大学、国立パジャジャラン大学、鉱山局、地質調査所、パスツール研究所などがあり、ジャワ学術研究の中心を形成する。駅の南側は商店街で、ショッピングセンターのブラガ通りは有名である。また1955年の第1回アジア・アフリカ会議(バンドン会議)開催後、アジア・アフリカ通りと改名された新しい商店街もある。バンドンはスンダ人居住の中心地として、中部ジャワ文化とは異なるスンダ文化の伝統を保っており、アンクルン音楽やワヤン・ゴレック(木製のワヤン人形)などで知られる。周辺の高原は水田がよく開かれ、規那(キナ)、茶の農園などもある。

[別技篤彦]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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