… In China, where limestone covers one-seventh of the country's land area, Paleozoic limestone is widely distributed, especially from Guangxi to Guizhou and Yunnan provinces. Karst topography of various periods of development is observed, ranging from landscapes of towering limestone peaks called ridge forests or stone forests to isolated peaks scattered across wide alluvial plains. These conical karsts in the tropics and subtropics seem to have developed in a quite different way from those in temperate zones, and are considered to be the result of active dissolution caused by the rapid development of groundwater systems in rainy climates. In addition, in the permafrost zones of polar Canada and northeastern Siberia, depressions similar to dolines are formed by the melting of underground ice, and this special topography is called thermokarst. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "conical karst" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
… 石灰岩の分布面積が国土の7分の1にも及ぶといわれる中国では,とくに広西地方から貴州・雲南両省にかけて,古生代の石灰岩が広く分布し,石灰岩の岩峰群がそびえ立つ峰林あるいは石林と呼ばれる景観から,広い沖積平野に散在する孤峰と呼ばれるものまで,いろいろの発達時期に属するカルスト地形が見られることで注目されている。 熱帯・亜熱帯におけるこれらの円錐カルストは,温帯のものとはかなり異なった発達過程をもつようで,多雨気候下における地下水系の急速な発達によるさかんな溶食作用の結果とみなされる。 なおまた,極地カナダやシベリア北東部の永久凍土地帯では,地中氷の融解によってドリーネに似た凹地などが生じるが,この特殊な地形はサーモカルストthermokarstと呼ばれている。… ※「円錐カルスト」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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