Episome

Japanese: エピソーム
Episome

A genetic element that is not essential for the host cell, and can replicate autonomously by using its own replicator when left free within the cell (autonomous state), or can replicate when integrated into the host cell chromosome (integrate state). This parasitic element was proposed and defined by F. Jacob and F. Wollman in 1958. Examples include lysogenic phages such as λ phage, colicin factors, multidrug resistance factors (R factors), and sex determining factors (F factors).

Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition

Japanese:

遺伝要素で,宿主細胞にとっては必須の因子ではなく,細胞内で遊離されたままの状態で,それ自体のレプリケーターをはたらかせて自律的に増殖が可能である(autonomous state)とともに,宿主細胞の染色体上に組み込まれた状態でも増殖する(intergrate state)ことができるものをいう.この寄生因子は,1958年,F. JacobおよびF. Wollmanによって提唱され,定義された.その例として,λファージのような溶原ファージやコリシン因子,多剤耐性因子(R因子),性決定因子(F因子)などがある.

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