…Therefore, crude oil is sometimes classified for the convenience of evaluation during commercial trading and examination of the refining process of crude oil. There are various viewpoints and scales for the evaluation. The method of the United States Bureau of Mines is to perform atmospheric distillation of crude oil, take the fraction with a boiling point of 250-275°C, measure its API gravity (Baume), and to perform vacuum distillation to take the fraction with a boiling point of 393-424°C (boiling point converted to atmospheric pressure), and measure its pour point, and classify it as shown in Table 1 based on these values. However, API gravity is a special scale of specific gravity of petroleum established by the American Petroleum Institute, and there is the following relationship between the specific gravity of petroleum at 60°F (about 15.6°C) based on water at 60°F. … *Some of the terminology that refers to "API gravity" is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…したがって,原油の商取引の際の評価や原油の精製工程の検討の便宜のために,原油を分類することがある。その評価の観点や尺度はいろいろあり,アメリカ鉱山局の方法は,原油の常圧蒸留を行って沸点250~275℃の留分をとりそのAPI比重(ボーメ)と,また減圧蒸留を行って393~424℃(常圧換算の沸点)の留分をとりその流動点を測定し,これらの数値を基準として表1のように分類する。ただし,API比重は,アメリカ石油協会American Petroleum Instituteが制定した,石油の比重を示す特別の尺度であって,60゜F(約15.6℃)の水を基準とする60゜Fの石油の比重との間に次の関係がある。… ※「API 比重」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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