Kāvya (English spelling)

Japanese: カービヤ（英語表記）Kāvya

It refers to literary works written in beautiful style in Sanskrit and vernacular. It is a literary work that evokes certain emotions in the reader, has a style that includes various merits, and is decorated with rhetoric. Strictly speaking, it is different from Western "poetry". Dandin, a poetic theorist from around the 7th century, broadly divided kāvya into verse, prose, and mixed prose, and further subdivided each of these. The traditional theory is that the great epic poem Ramayana was the first kāvya. It reached its peak with Memyo (Ashvaghosha, around the 1st to 2nd century), Bhasa (around the 3rd century), Kalidasa (4th to 5th century), and Bababūti (8th century). It also produced many poetic theorists.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

サンスクリット語および俗語で書かれた美文体の文学作品をいう。読者に一定の情緒を起させ，もろもろの長所を含む文体をそなえ，修辞によって修飾された文学作品で，厳密にいえば，西欧の「詩」とは異なる。7世紀頃の詩論家ダンディンは，カービヤを，韻文，散文，混交文に大別し，それぞれを細分している。伝統的な説では，大叙事詩『ラーマーヤナ』を最初のカービヤとする。馬鳴 (めみょう。アシュバゴーシャ，1～2世紀頃) ，バーサ (3世紀頃) を経て，カーリダーサ (4～5世紀) ，ババブーティ (8世紀) にいたって最盛期を迎えた。また，多数の詩論家も輩出した。

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