Abbreviation for Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis. A type of electron spectroscopy that uses monochromatic soft X-rays to generate electrons. It was named by K. Siegbahn et al. in Sweden (1964). Using a high-resolution electron energy analyzer, they found that the energy levels of the inner shell electrons that make up atoms shift slightly due to the influence of neighboring atoms that form chemical bonds, and they called this the chemical shift. It is believed that the name was chosen because this shift directly reflects the state of chemical bonds and makes it possible to perform chemical analysis in a wide range of fields involving bonds. Al Kα and Mg Kα are mainly used for monochromatic X-rays, but efforts are being made to obtain more monochromatic X-rays in order to learn more about the state of bonds through the shift. ESKA is not only a means of physical property research directly related to energy levels, but is also expected to be widely used in fields that require state analysis through chemical shifts and information related to solid surfaces. Source: Morikita Publishing "Chemical Dictionary (2nd Edition)" Information about the Chemical Dictionary 2nd Edition |
Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysisの略称.電子分光法の一種で,電子発生に単色の軟X線を用いる場合にこの名称が用いられる.スウェーデンのK. Siegbahnらの命名(1964年)による.高分解能の電子エネルギーアナライザーを用いると,原子を構成する内殻電子のエネルギー準位が化学結合を形成している隣接の原子の影響を受けて,若干移動することが見いだされたが,かれらはこれを化学シフト(chemical shift)とよんだ.このシフトは化学結合の様子を直接反映しているものとして,広く結合の関与する諸分野の化学的な解析が可能になるという意味で命名されたものと思われる.単色のX線にはAl KαやMg Kαがおもに用いられるが,シフトを通してより詳細な結合の様子を知るために,より単色のX線を求める努力がなされている.エスカは,エネルギー準位の直接関与する物性研究の手段であるばかりでなく,化学シフトを通した状態分析や固体表面に関連する情報を必要とする諸分野での広い応用が期待されている. 出典 森北出版「化学辞典(第2版)」化学辞典 第2版について 情報 |
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