"Eishu Hakki"

Japanese: 《永州八記》 - えいしゅうはっき

…A record of sightseeing in natural scenery. Writings describing beautiful scenery can already be found in the geography book Shuijingzhu by Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei dynasty, but the model was the Eight Records of Yongzhou by Liu Zongyuan of the Tang dynasty, who was exiled to southern China and described the beauty of the mountains and rivers there, which differed from those in the north, with his own impressions. After that, many works of literature were created that described the mountains and rivers that people had visited on personal trips. In the Song dynasty, travel writings such as Fan Chengda's Wu Ship Record and Lu You's Entering Shu Record went beyond simply recording the itinerary and included descriptions of the scenery, giving them the character of a travelogue. …

From [Yanagi Sogen]

…As a prose writer, he, along with Han Yu, advocated a classical style of prose that allowed free expression of opinions, and is one of the Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties. After failing in his official career and coming into contact with the beauty of the mountains and rivers of southern China, he wrote works such as the Eight Records of Yongzhou, which combine emotion with landscape description, and are considered models of descriptive prose. After his downfall, he was forced to take metaphorical forms such as allegory in his political criticism, which led to a richness of imagery, and he created prose literature that appropriately combined thought and expression. …

*Some of the terminology explanations that refer to "The Eight Records of Eishu" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…自然の風景を遊覧した記録。美しい風景を描写する文章は，北魏の酈道元（れきどうげん）の地理書《水経注》にすでに見られるが，唐の柳宗元が華南に流謫（るたく）され，北方と異なる山水の美を自らの感慨をまじえて記述した《永州八記》が模範となり，その後，親しく遊覧した山水を記述する文学が多く作られた。宋代では，范成大《呉船録》，陸游《入蜀記》のように紀行文が単に旅程の記録にとどまらず，風景描写を含み，遊記の性格を持つものが生まれた。…

【柳宗元】より

…散文家として，韓愈とともに自由に主張を述べられる古文文体を唱え，唐宋八大家の一人である。官途に挫折し，華南の山水の美に接したことによって，感慨と風景描写とが融合した〈永州八記〉などの文章を書き，叙景文の模範とされる。政治批判は，失脚によって寓言などの比喩形式をとらざるをえなくなり，そのため形象性が豊富となって，思想と表現とが適切に融合を遂げた散文文学を作りあげた。…

※「《永州八記》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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