A downdraft area where a flying airplane can suddenly dive. The term was coined in the early days of aviation, and its origin comes from the idea that it was a pocket of air that did not have enough air to support the airplane. Small airplanes are light, so they are immediately affected when they enter a downdraft, but large airplanes have more inertia, so even if they enter an area of sudden change in air currents, their ground speed does not change immediately, but rather it is affected by changes in airspeed and angle of attack (the angle of the wings relative to the current) (see the turbulence entry for details). Pilots of large airplanes do not use this term, and instead use the words turbulence and wind shear. [Akira Nakayama] [Reference] | | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
航行中の飛行機が急降下現象をおこす下降気流域のこと。航空の初期によんだことばで、当時、飛行機を支えるだけ十分な空気のないポケットだと想像したのが語源である。小型機は軽いので下降気流の中に入ると、すぐにその影響を受けるが、大型機は慣性が大きいので気流の急変域に入っても、対地速度はすぐには変わらず、対気速度、迎え角(流れに対する翼の傾き)の変化として影響する(詳細は乱気流の項を参照)。なお大型機のパイロットはこの用語は用いず、乱気流やウインドシアということばを使用している。 [中山 章] [参照項目] | | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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