Acetanilide - Acetanilide

Japanese: アセトアニリド - あせとあにりど(英語表記)acetanilide
Acetanilide - Acetanilide

An amide of acetic acid and aniline. It is also called acetylaniline or N -phenylacetamide. It is obtained by reacting aniline with acetic anhydride or acetyl chloride. It is a colorless plate-like crystal. It is soluble in cold water at about 0.5% and in hot water at about 5%. It is quite soluble in organic solvents such as alcohol, chloroform, and ether, but insoluble in petroleum. It reacts with metallic sodium to produce an N -sodium derivative, which is then subjected to the action of a strong acid to produce an unstable salt. It is an important raw material for the synthesis of various organic compounds such as dyes. It also has analgesic and antipyretic effects, and was first used in medicine as an antipyretic in 1886 under the trade name Antifebrin, but it is no longer used today because it is a highly toxic drug with strong side effects.

[Manabu Yamamoto]

[References] | Aniline | Amide | Acetyl chloride | Acetic acid | Acetic anhydride [Supplementary information] | Acetanilide (Data Note)

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

酢酸とアニリンのアミド。アセチルアニリン、N-フェニルアセトアミドともいう。アニリンに無水酢酸あるいは塩化アセチルを反応させて得られる。無色の板状結晶。冷水に約0.5%、熱水には約5%溶ける。アルコール、クロロホルム、エーテルなどの有機溶媒にはかなり溶けるが、石油には溶けない。金属ナトリウムと反応してN-ナトリウム誘導体を生成し、強酸の作用により不安定な塩を生成する。染料など各種有機化合物の合成原料として重要である。また鎮痛、解熱作用があり、1886年にアンチフェブリンという商品名で解熱剤として初めて医薬に供されたが、劇薬であり強い副作用があるため現在では使用されていない。

[山本 学]

[参照項目] | アニリン | アミド | 塩化アセチル | 酢酸 | 無水酢酸[補完資料] | アセトアニリド(データノート)

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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