Theory of the Creation of the Universe

Japanese: 宇宙生成論 - うちゅうせいせいろん
Theory of the Creation of the Universe

... (date of creation unknown) remains. None of them contain any unique doctrines, and the sacred texts that contain the sect's theory of the creation of the universe and its theory of humanity, which are far more important in terms of religious thought, are known from references by Euripides and Plato in the 5th century BC, but have been lost and are passed down only through quotations and summaries from much later times (most of which were written by Neoplatonists from the Roman Empire to the 4th to 6th centuries). Therefore, it is difficult to reproduce them in a consistent form, and there is a large difference of opinion among scholars as to how far back these doctrines can be traced. ...

From Greek Science

…Against this background, Thales first stated that the “original thing (arche)” of all things is “water” and explained the universe as the creation and transformation of this material base called water. The traditional “story of the creation of the gods (theogonia)” was transformed into a realistic “cosmogony (cosmogony).” Next, Anaximander stated that arche is not the already limited “water” but the “unlimited thing (to-apeiron)” that exists before that, and from this the opposites of dry-moist and hot-cold are separated, and the four elements of earth, water, air, and fire are formed, and he concretely and rationally discussed how the universe and celestial bodies are created by this. …

*Some of the terminology that refers to "cosmogenesis" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…成立年代不明)が残されている。それらはいずれも特異な教義を含むものではなく,宗教思想的にはるかに重要なこの派の宇宙生成論,人間論などを内容とする聖典は,前5世紀のエウリピデスやプラトンの言及で知られてはいるが失われてしまい,はるか後代の引用,摘要(ローマ帝政期から4~6世紀の新プラトン派の手になるものが大半)で伝えられるにすぎない。したがって整合的な形に再現することは困難な上,そうした教義がいつの時代にまでさかのぼるかについては,学者の間に大きな見解の相違がみられる。…

【ギリシア科学】より

…こうした状況を背景としながら,まずタレスは,万物の〈もとのもの(アルケー)〉を〈水〉であるとし,宇宙の森羅万象をこの水という物質的基体の生成変化として説明する。それまでの伝統的な〈神々の生成の物語(テオゴニア)〉はここに現実的な〈宇宙生成論(コスモゴニア)〉へと転換された。ついでアナクシマンドロスは,アルケーはすでに限定をもっている〈水〉ではなく,それ以前の〈無限定なもの(ト・アペイロン)〉であるとし,これから乾―湿,温―冷の対立物が分離し,さらに地,水,空気,火の四大元素が形成され,それによってどのように宇宙や天体がつくられるかを具体的,合理的に論究した。…

※「宇宙生成論」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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