Born: March 26, 1911, Leipzig [Died] April 23, 2003. London. British physiologist. Graduated from Leipzig University Medical School in 1934. From 1935 to 1939, he studied neurophysiology under A. Hill at University College, London. From 1939 to 1942, he went to Australia as a Carnegie Foundation researcher, and studied the function of the neuromuscular junction, especially the transfer of impulses from nerves to muscle fibers, from a physicochemical point of view with J. Eccles and others at Sydney Hospital. In 1941, he obtained Australian citizenship, and the following year joined the Royal Air Force. After World War II, he returned to London and became deputy director of Hill's laboratory. In 1950, he became head of physiology at University College, and from 1952 he became professor of biophysics. He was also made a member of the Royal Society in the same year, and in 1968, a member of the British Medical Association. In 1970, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine along with J. Axelrod of the United States and U. Euler of Sweden for their research into the mechanism by which excitation is transmitted from nerve fibers to skeletal muscle fibers. Katz |
[生]1911.3.26. ライプチヒ [没]2003.4.23. ロンドン イギリスの生理学者。 1934年,ライプチヒ大学医学部卒業。 1935~39年,ロンドンのユニバーシティ・カレッジで A.ヒルの指導を受けて神経生理学を研究。 1939~42年,カーネギー財団の研究員としてオーストラリアに行き,シドニー病院で J.エクルズらと神経筋接合部の機能,特にインパルスが神経から筋線維に移行する点について物理化学的観点から研究した。 1941年,オーストラリアの市民権を取得し,翌年,空軍に入隊。第2次世界大戦後ロンドンに戻り,ヒルの研究所の副所長となり,1950年ユニバーシティ・カレッジ生理学主任,1952年以降は生物物理学教授となる。また,この年にロイヤル・ソサエティの会員となり,1968年,イギリス医師会会員となる。 1970年には,神経線維から骨格筋線維へ興奮が伝達する機序の研究に対し,アメリカの J.アクセルロッド,スウェーデンの U.オイラーとともに,ノーベル生理学・医学賞を受けた。 カッツ
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