Viola, W.

Japanese: ウィオラ,W. - うぃおら
Viola, W.

From an artistic point of view, what is required throughout all of this is the level and density of creativity as a spiritual endeavor, but the situation with music today is that these areas of application are also indispensable and have permeated social life widely. [Kouzo Hattori]
[Western Music]

[Characteristics of Western Music History]
German musicologist Walter Wiora (1906- ) opposed the traditional Western-centered music history and advocated a world music history, dividing human music into four periods: (1) prehistoric times, (2) ancient times and high Eastern culture, (3) Western music, and (4) the era of technology and industrial culture (World Music History: Four Periods, 1961, Japanese translation 1970). According to Wiora, Western music is a unique entity that forms an era in itself for 1,000 years from the early Middle Ages to the early 20th century, and is a historical phenomenon rather than a geographical phenomenon that coexists with music from other regions, and has a unique character that is unparalleled in any other music on earth.

From [Folk Song]

…It has been considered that folk music is not art music that is accepted across countries in Europe, but music that was created by the spirit of the Volk in each region, or music that was accepted by the people. The concept of the Volk itself has changed, but the one that has been relatively widely accepted is that of Walter Wiora (1906- ), who defined it as "the totality of the mental and social base of the population." This includes "farmers, shepherds, miners, and folk musicians, as well as the general public insofar as they are essentially the same as these base classes," and it was thought that these people had their own unique folk music, different from other classes. …

*Some of the terminology that mentions "Wiola, W." is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…芸術的な観点からすれば,すべてを通じて問われるのは,精神的な営みとしての創造性の高さと密度であるが,これらの応用領域も無視しがたい存在として広く社会生活の中に浸透しているのが,今日における音楽の状況である。【服部 幸三】
【西洋の音楽】

[西洋音楽史の特質]
 ドイツの音楽学者ウィオラWalter Wiora(1906‐ )は従来の西洋中心の音楽史に反対して世界音楽史を提唱し,人類の音楽を,(1)先史時代,(2)古代と東洋の高度文化,(3)西洋音楽,(4)技術と産業文化の時代,の四つに分けた(《世界音楽史――四つの時代》1961,邦訳1970)。彼によれば,西洋音楽はその中で,中世初期から20世紀初頭にいたる1000年間,それ自身で一つの時代を形成するユニークな存在であり,他の諸地域の音楽と並存する地理的現象ではなく1個の歴史的現象であって,地球上の他のいかなる音楽にも類を見ない独自の性格を備えていると述べている。…

【民謡】より

…それは,ヨーロッパの内部で国を越えて通用する芸術音楽ではなく,それぞれの土地の民衆Volkの精神が作り上げた音楽であったり,あるいは,民衆によって受け入れられた音楽である,と考えられてきた。民衆の概念そのものにも変化があるが,比較的広く了承されてきたのは,ウィオラWalter Wiora(1906‐ )による〈人口の中の心的・社会的基底層の総体〉とするものである。これには,〈農民,牧人,坑夫,民衆楽師の全部と,これらの基底層と本質的に変わらない限りの公衆〉が含まれ,これらの人々が,他の層とは異なり独自の民俗音楽をもつと考えられたのである。…

※「ウィオラ,W.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報

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