Kassel

Japanese: カッセル（英語表記）Kassel

A city in the state of Hesse in central Germany. It is the administrative center of the northern part of the state, and is located in a scenic spot overlooking the Fulda River. It obtained city rights in 1180, became the Landgrave of Hesse around 1277, and was the capital of Hesse-Kassel from 1567 to 1866. In the 17th century, the new town district of Oberneustadt was built by French Huguenot immigrants. From 1866 until 1944, it was the central city of Prowinz-Hessen-Nassau in Prussia. During World War II, it was one of the centers of German aircraft and tank production, and the city was almost completely destroyed by air raids. After the war, various industries such as locomotives, railway cars, automobiles, optical machinery, precision equipment, and textiles were established. The rebuilt city has many museums, art galleries, and art galleries, including the Natural History Museum, which uses a building said to be the oldest theater in Germany, the State Museum, and the Tapestry Museum, as well as many educational institutions, making it a cultural and educational center. Wilhelmshöhe Park, located in the western hills, is a vast forest park with a palace with a Hercules statue at the top and a multi-tiered cascade, and was registered as a World Heritage Site in 2013. Population: 194,774 (2010).

Kassel
Cassel, (Karl) Gustav

Born: October 20, 1866 in Stockholm
[Died] January 14, 1945. Jonkoping. Swedish economist. Known for his belief in the absurdity of value, monetary theory, and the principle of free competition, he developed the purchasing power parity theory. He became known worldwide for his comments on international financial issues at the Brussels Conference in 1920 and the League of Nations Financial Conference in 1921, and was active as Sweden's representative at numerous conferences of the International Chamber of Commerce. Professor of economics at Stockholm University from 1904 to 1933. His main works include Theoretische Sozialökonomie (1918) and Money and Foreign Exchange After1914 (22).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ドイツ中部，ヘッセン州の都市。州北部の行政中心地で，フルダ川に臨む景勝地にある。1180年都市権獲得，1277年頃ヘッセン方伯領，1567～1866年にはヘッセン＝カッセルの首都となった。17世紀にはフランスのユグノー派移住者たちによって新市街区オーバーノイシュタットが建設された。1866年以降 1944年まではプロシアのプロウィンツ・ヘッセンナッサウの中心都市。第2次世界大戦中はドイツの航空機，戦車生産の一中心地で，市街は空襲でほぼ完全に破壊された。戦後は，機関車，鉄道車両，自動車，光学機械，精密機器，繊維など各種の工業が立地。復興した市街には，ドイツ最古の劇場建築といわれる建物を利用した自然史博物館をはじめ，州立博物館，タペストリー美術館など数多くの博物館，美術館，画廊があり，教育機関も多く，文化，教育の中心地でもある。西方の丘陵地にあるビルヘルムスヘーエ公園は，最頂部にヘラクレス像が建つ宮殿と多段式のカスケードを備えた広大な森林公園で，2013年世界遺産の文化遺産に登録された。人口 19万4774（2010）。

カッセル
Cassel， (Karl) Gustav

[生]1866.10.20. ストックホルム
[没]1945.1.14. エンチェピング
スウェーデンの経済学者。価値無用論，貨幣理論，自由競争原理への信奉をもって知られ，購買力平価説を展開した。 1920年のブリュッセル会議，21年の国際連盟金融会議で，国際金融問題への発言により世界的に知られ，また数々の国際商工会議所の会議へのスウェーデン代表となって活躍。 1904～33年ストックホルム大学の経済学教授。主著『社会経済学原論』 Theoretische Sozialökonomie (1918) ，『貨幣および外国為替論』 Money and Foreign Exchange After1914 (22) 。

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