Impan - Impan

...During the invasion of Japan and the Jurchens from the end of the 16th century to the first half of the 17th century, they played a major role in securing and transporting military supplies, and thus came under the protection of the government. They established associations with offices called Imbang in various places, and exerted great influence in protecting insiders and suppressing outsiders, but all of this was tacitly approved by the government. In the face of internal and external troubles at the end of the Yi Dynasty, the government intended to use their powerful organizational power for political purposes by establishing the Yibucheok Office in 1866, and appointed Heungseon Daewongun's eldest son, Yi Jaemyeon, as its director, in an attempt to unify and control the Yibu merchant organizations. ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Ninbo" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…16世紀末から17世紀前半にかけての日本，女真の侵略に際して，軍糧の確保･運搬に大きな役割を果たしたことから，政府の庇護を受けるようになった。各地に任房（イムバン）という事務所を持った組合組織を作り，部内者の保護と部外者の抑圧に大きな力を振るったが，すべて政府の黙認下に置かれた。李朝末期の内憂外患に当たって，彼らの強大な組織力を政治的に利用せんとする意図から，政府は1866年に褓負庁を設け，興宣大院君の長男李載冕を庁理として，褓負商組織の統合と統制を図った。…

※「任房」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

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