Barbarian Captivity - Ifu

Japanese: 夷俘 - いふ

〘Noun〙① Captive. [Zuo Zhuan, Spring and Autumn Annals - 10th year of Duke Xiang]② One of the terms used to distinguish Emishi according to their degree of adaptation to the Ritsuryo state from the Nara period to the early Heian period. Refers to those who have not adapted to the state, rather than those who are prisoners of war (Fushu) . However, in the late Heian period, the distinction between the two became unclear. ※Shoku Nihongi - Tenpyo Houji 2nd year (758), June Xinhai "In Mutsu Province, since August of last year, there have been surrendered barbarians taken captive. A total of over 1,690 men and women."

Source: The Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary About the Selected Edition of the Japanese Language Dictionary Information

Japanese:

〘名〙① とりこ。〔春秋左伝‐襄公一〇年〕② 奈良時代から平安初期にかけて、律令国家に対する順化の程度によって、蝦夷を区別した呼称の一つ。俘囚(ふしゅう)よりも未順化のものをさす。ただし、平安後期には両者の区別は不分明となった。※続日本紀‐天平宝字二年（758）六月辛亥「陸奥国言、去年八月以来、帰降夷俘。男女惣一千六百九十余人」

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