Shikata Manor - Shikatanosho

Japanese: 鹿田荘 - しかたのしょう

A manor belonging to the regent's family in Mino County, Bizen Province. It is also called "Katanosho." Its territory was on the right bank of the downstream Asahi River, roughly the southern half of the current urban area of Okayama City. On the opposite bank was Koya Manor, the territory of Kasuga Shrine (Kasuga Taisha) in Nara. The time and circumstances of its establishment are unknown, but it was already the property of the Fujiwara clan in the early 9th century, and from 900 the land rent from this manor was used to cover the fees for the Hokke-e and Choko-e assemblies at Kofuku-ji Temple in Nara, and from before 986 the manor's rice tax was also used for the two-season festivals at Oharano Shrine (present-day Nishikyo Ward, Kyoto City), the guardian deity of the Fujiwara clan. In 986, a dispute arose between the manor's lord and its inhabitants and the provincial governor Fujiwara Rikane, and the chancellor and chief minister Fujiwara Yoritada dispatched Magamibe Hisaaki to investigate the matter, and the Kebiishi were also dispatched to summon Rikane, but Rikane secretly returned to Japan and led several hundred soldiers into the manor, capturing Hisaaki and the manor's lord, destroying the manor's storehouse and carrying off 300 koku of land tax rice, as well as damaging and destroying over 300 residences of manors and residents, looting the property, and setting fire to the manor's residence. As a result, Rikane was banished from the Fujiwara clan. The port town developed on the Shikata River (Asahi River) in the villa. At the end of the 10th century, the villa's betto, Shibukawa Koun, owned a 260 koku ship, and the helmsman Saeki Yoshinaga was in charge of the ship and transported rice and salt as tax for the Akishino-dera temple (present-day Nara City). The 1300 map of the Kamimichi-gun Koya-sho domain shows a market along the Shikata River in the villa, with nine lay houses drawn. A market was established in the port town, and a town was formed. At the end of the Heian period, Fujiwara Mitsunaga and Taira Shigehira were in charge of the villa as annual trustees, and in the Kamakura period, Fujiwara Chikatoshi and Fujiwara Takatoshi, and during the Nanboku-cho period, the steward Fujiwara Nagaaki, held the domain. During this period, around the middle of the 13th century, it seems that the tribute was not paid for a long time, and the monks of Kofuku-ji Temple, who held the position of lord, sent a priest from Kasuga Shrine to collect the tribute. During the civil war between the Northern and Southern Courts, the domain suffered from invasions by local samurai, and in 1419, Fujiwara no Mochihide was contracted to pay the annual tax on the domain's lord's side for 75 kanmon, which was then requested by the Matsuda clan, a local samurai under the vassal of the Hosokawa clan, to act as deputy governor. Around 1481, Matsuda Matajiro was contracted to pay the tax for 20 kanmon, but the tax payment has not been made.

Katanosho

→ Shikataso

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

備前国御野(みの)郡にあった摂関家渡領の荘園。〈かたのしょう〉ともいう。旭川下流域右岸，ほぼ現岡山市の市街部南半を荘域とした。対岸は奈良春日社（春日大社）領荒野(こうや)荘。成立時期・事情は不明だが，９世紀初めにはすでに藤原氏の所領となっており，900年から奈良興福寺の法華会料や長講会料に当荘の地子があてられ，986年以前から藤原氏の氏神である大原野神社（現京都市西京区）の二季祭饗にも当荘の年貢米があてられている。986年当荘の荘司・荘民と国司藤原理兼の間で争いが発生，関白太政大臣藤原頼忠は真相糾明のため真髪部久鑑を派遣，さらには検非違使が派遣されて理兼を召還するが，理兼はひそかに帰国して数百人の兵を率いて荘内に乱入，久鑑および荘司を捕らえ，荘倉を打ち破って地子米300石を運び出したうえに荘司・寄人(よりうど)らの居宅300余を損亡し，掠奪を行って荘司の居宅に放火するという事件があった。このため理兼は藤原氏から追放されている。当荘の鹿田川（旭川）には港津が発達しており，10世紀末，当荘別当渋河幸運は260石船を所持し，梶取(かじとり)佐伯吉永はその船を預かり秋篠(あきしの)寺（現奈良市）領の年貢米や塩を運送している。1300年の〈上道郡荒野庄領地図〉には当荘の鹿田川沿いに〈市〉と記され，在家９宇が描かれている。港津に市が立ち，町場が形成されていったのであろう。平安時代末期には藤原光長・平重衡が年預として当荘を預かり，鎌倉時代には藤原親俊，藤原高俊，南北朝期には執事藤原長顕が知行している。この間13世紀半ばころには年貢未進が続いたらしく，領家職をもつ興福寺衆徒(しゅと)が春日社の神人を派遣して年貢徴収にあたらせている。南北朝内乱期には在地武士の侵略に苦しみ，1419年には藤原持秀に領家方年貢を75貫文で請け負わせ，これを細川氏被官の在地武士松田氏が代官請している。1481年ころには松田又二郎が20貫文で請け負ったが年貢未納を続けている。