The Condition of the Working Class in England

Japanese: 《イギリスにおける労働者階級の状態》 - いぎりすにおけるろうどうしゃかいきゅうのじょうたい

…From this starting point, he attempted a critical summary of classical economics in his Outline of a Critique of Political Economy (1844), which was published in the Deutsch-Französischer Jahrbücher, edited by A. Ruge and Marx. It had a great impact on Marx and was the starting point of their lifelong collaboration. Along with The Condition of the Working Class in England (1845), which he wrote after returning to the UK, this is a valuable result of his stay in England. After returning to the UK, he based himself in Paris and Brussels, wrote the main part of the manuscript The German Ideology (1845-46), which led to the establishment of a materialist view of history, and played a central role in the founding of the Communist League, leading up to the 1848 Revolution. …

From [Urban Issues]

…E. Howard's Garden City concept (1902) in particular had a major influence on later proposals to build satellite cities in large cities, as workers would have beautiful gardens (homes) in healthy suburbs while working in factories there. In contrast to the above trends, F. Engels' The Condition of the Working Class in England (1845) saw the essence of urban problems in the inevitable increase in poverty and the collapse of workers' lives on the other extreme of the Industrial Revolution, the development of capitalism, and the concentration of wealth in cities. In this book, he argues that the social system itself not only increases the poverty of urban workers, but also destroys their family lives and spreads alcoholism, moral decadence, and despair, and he goes on to provide a detailed introduction to the current state of British cities at the time. …

*Some of the terminology used in reference to "The Condition of the Working Class in Britain" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…こうして得た立脚点から古典派経済学の批判的総括を試みたのが《国民経済学批判大綱》(1844)であって，A.ルーゲとマルクスの編集する《独仏年誌》に発表され，マルクスに大きな衝撃と指針を与え，以後生涯におよぶ両人の協力関係の出発点となった。帰国後に執筆した《イギリスにおける労働者階級の状態》(1845)とともにイギリス滞在の貴重な成果である。帰国後パリとブリュッセルを根拠地とし，草稿《ドイツ･イデオロギー》(1845‐46)の主要部分を書いて唯物史観の確立を主導した後，共産主義者同盟の創立に中心的な役割を果たし，1848年革命を迎える。…

【都市問題】より

…とくにE.ハワードの田園都市構想(1902)は，労働者を健康な郊外で美しい花園(住宅)を所有させながら，そこにある工場で働かせるものとして，後世の大都市における衛星都市建設案に影響が大きい。　以上の流れに対し，産業革命，資本主義の展開，都市への富の集中とともに他方の極に不可避的に増大する貧困，労働者生活の崩壊に都市問題の本質をみたのがF.エンゲルスの《イギリスにおける労働者階級の状態》(1845)である。ここで彼は，社会制度そのものが都市労働者の貧困を増大させるのみでなく，その家族生活を破壊し，アルコール中毒や道徳的退廃と絶望を広げるとし，それを当時のイギリスの大都市の現状につき詳しく紹介する。…

※「《イギリスにおける労働者階級の状態》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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