This is called electron spin resonance, also known as EPR (Electron Paramagnetic Resonance). It is a type of spectroscopy used to investigate the structure and chemical reactions of transition metal ions and radicals that have unpaired electrons. Electrons and atomic nuclei have a rotation-like property called spin, which is the basis of magnetism and responds to magnetic fields. For example, in a strong magnetic field, the electron spin splits into two energy states, parallel and antiparallel (opposite directions) to the magnetic field, and the distribution ratio of these states depends on the temperature and energy difference. By applying microwaves equivalent to the energy difference between these two states and observing the energy difference with ESR, it is possible to identify a substance. Furthermore, if an atom with nuclear spin, such as a hydrogen atom, is present in a molecule with unpaired electrons, the energy difference in the electron spin changes. The amount of change can be used to infer the structure of the molecule. (Professor Teijiro Ichimura, Tokyo Institute of Technology / 2007) Source : "Chiezo" published by Asahi Shimbun Publications Co., Ltd. About Chiezo |
電子スピン共鳴といい、EPR(Electron Paramagnetic Resonance:電子常磁性共鳴)とも呼ぶ。分光法の一種で、対を成さない不対電子を持つ遷移金属イオンや、ラジカルなどの構造や化学反応を調べる方法。電子や原子核にはスピンと呼ばれる自転のような性質があり、これが磁性のもとになって磁場に応答する。例えば強磁場中では、電子スピンが磁場に平行と反平行(逆方向)の2つのエネルギー状態に分裂し、その分布比は温度とエネルギー差に依存する。この2つの状態間のエネルギー差に相当するマイクロ波を当て、ESRでエネルギー差を観測すれば物質の同定が可能になる。また不対電子を持つ分子中に、水素原子など核スピンを持つ原子が存在すると、電子スピンのエネルギー差が変化する。その変化量から、分子の構造が推定できる。
(市村禎二郎 東京工業大学教授 / 2007年) 出典 (株)朝日新聞出版発行「知恵蔵」知恵蔵について 情報 |
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