It is an annual grass of the Poaceae family (APG classification: Poaceae), and is closely related to the Japanese wild rice. It is found mainly in the Great Lakes of North America, from Lake Winnipeg in Canada in the north to the marshes of Louisiana in the south. It usually grows in shallow water, sometimes even at a depth of 1 meter. The culm is 1.5-3 meters high, and the leaves are about 4 cm wide and about 65 cm long. At the end of summer, a spike about 50 cm long appears from the culm apex. The upper half of the spike bears female flowers, and the lower half bears only male flowers. The female flowers bloom earlier and cross-fertilize. Each spikelet contains one flower, and the inner and outer lemmas are 2-2.5 cm long. The outer lemmas of the female flowers have thin, long awns. The caryopsis is elongated and cylindrical, 1.5-2 cm long and 1.5 mm wide. It falls off easily when ripe. The seeds have long been a food source for the Native Americans of North America, and are still in demand today as a natural food. To harvest the seeds, people row out into the area where they grow, hit them with a stick, and drop the seeds into the boat. They are cooked like rice and eaten. They are imported from America. Research is also being conducted on cultivating them in Japan. [Hoshikawa Kiyochika August 20, 2019] [Reference item] |©Shogakukan "> Wild rice seeds Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
イネ科(APG分類:イネ科)の一年草で、日本のマコモの近縁種。北アメリカの五大湖を中心に、北はカナダのウィニペグ湖から、南はルイジアナ州の湿地帯まで分布する。普通、浅い水中、ときには水深1メートルの所にも生える。稈(かん)は高さ1.5~3メートル、葉は幅4センチメートル内外、長さ約65センチメートル。夏の終わりに稈頂から長さ約50センチメートルの穂を出す。穂の上半分の枝梗(しこう)には雌花を、下半分の枝梗には雄花のみをつける。雌花のほうが早く開花し、他家受精をする。1小穂は1花よりなり、内、外穎(えい)は長さ2~2.5センチメートル、雌花の外穎には細くて長い芒(のぎ)がある。穎果は細長い円筒形で、長さ1.5~2センチメートル、幅1.5ミリメートル。熟すると落ちやすい。子実は昔から北米先住民族の食糧とされ、現在も自然食品として需要がある。子実の収穫は群生地の中へ舟で漕(こ)ぎ出し、棒でたたいて舟の中へ子実を落とす。米と同様に炊いて食用とされる。アメリカから輸入されている。日本での栽培も研究されている。 [星川清親 2019年8月20日] [参照項目] |©Shogakukan"> アメリカマコモの子実(ワイルドライス) 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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