Kasagake - Kasagake

Japanese: 笠懸 - かさがけ

A horseback archery competition in which archers shoot at targets set at a great distance. It is one of the archery arts used by medieval samurai to train in martial arts. Like yabusame, archers shoot while galloping at full speed on horseback, but unlike yabusame, the target is set at a great distance (about 30m). Arrows are made with large, frog-shaped arrowheads instead of arrowheads. There are various types of kasakake. There are two types, tokasakake and kokasakake, depending on the distance of the target. There are also other types, such as shinjikasakake (held as part of shrine rituals), kujikasakake (a competition in which opponents are determined by drawing), hyakubankasakake, and tanabatakasakake. The name comes from the fact that the archer's hat, one of the costumes, is hung from a tree branch to serve as the target. It is said that it first began in the late Heian period when aristocrats ordered samurai to engage in impromptu mounted archery on the riverbank rather than in a special riding arena. Perhaps due to this tradition, Minamoto no Yoritomo would often have his warriors shoot at targets made of objects they were wearing, such as fans or sandals, placed between bamboo poles. This is called hasamimono. The Soga brothers, as described in the Soga Monogatari, are said to have shot seven times each using wrapping paper from their pockets as a hasamimono when praying for revenge at Izu Mishima Shrine. The fan target shooting of Nasu no Yoichi, which appears in the Heike Monogatari, can also be said to be a variation of kasagake. → Inuoumono → Related topics Kyudo | Equestrian

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

騎乗して遠い距離にセットされた的を射る競技。中世武士の武芸鍛練のための射芸の一つ。流鏑馬(やぶさめ)と同じように騎乗して全速力で駆けながら弓を射るが，流鏑馬とは異なり的の位置がはるか遠いところ（約30m）にセットしてある。矢は鏃(やじり)の代わりに鏑(かぶら)を大きくした蟇目(ひきめ)が用いられた。笠懸にはさまざまな種類がある。的の距離により遠笠懸と小笠懸の２種があり，また，神事笠懸（神社の祭祀(さいし)として行われる），鬮(くじ)笠懸（鬮によって敵手を定め競技する），百番笠懸，七夕笠懸などがあった。　名前の由来は，射手の装束のひとつである笠を木の枝に懸けて的にしたことによる。そもそもの始まりは，平安後期に貴族が武士に，特設の馬場ではなくて河原で即興的に騎射を命じたことによるという。その伝統によるのか，源頼朝はしばしば扇や沓(くつ)など身につける物を竹に挟んで的とし，これを射させている。これを〈挟み物〉という。《曾我物語》の曾我兄弟は，伊豆三島神社での仇(あだ)討ち祈願の折に，懐中の畳紙(たとうがみ)を挟み物にして７番ずつ射たという。また，《平家物語》のなかに登場する那須与一の扇の的当ても笠懸の変形といってよい。→犬追物
→関連項目弓道｜馬術

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