Song line - Kako

The name of a style of poetry in classical Chinese poetry. Originally used as the title of Gafu songs, such as "Zi Ye Song" and "Jugunkou". There are various theories about the origin of the name, such as "uta" for poems that focus on expressing emotions and "gyō" for poems that have a flowing style like running script, or "uta" for poems that have a mixture of long and short phrases and "gyō" for poems that have a walking rhythm and are not congested. The definition is not necessarily clear, and it is difficult to make a strict distinction between the two. It is often used together with "kagyō" to collectively refer to works in the Gafu style. Other names used for the title of Gafu include "gin", "ji" and "in", but the distinction between these and the Gafu style is also unclear. After the Tang Dynasty, even after Yuefu stopped being sung, many works were created using traditional Yuefu themes, and many poems imitated the folk color of Yuefu, so "ka-xing" poems unrelated to popular songs began to be written. They are mainly in the form of ancient seven-character poems. For example, Bai Juyi's "Song of Everlasting Regret" and "Pipa-xing" are examples.

[Sato Tamotsu]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国古典詩の詩体名。もとは歌謡の楽府(がふ)作品の題に用いられ、「子夜歌(しやか)」「従軍行(じゅうぐんこう)」のようにいう。命名の由来については諸説があり、たとえば、情感の吐露に中心を置いたうたが「歌」、行書のごとく流麗な体をもつのが「行」とする説、あるいは、長短の句が入り交じるものを「歌」、歩行する調子をもち渋滞のないうたを「行」という説など、定義はかならずしも明確でなく、両者の厳密な区別はむずかしい。しばしば「歌行」とあわせて、楽府体の作品を総称することもある。楽府の題にはほかにも「吟(ぎん)」「辞(じ)」「引(いん)」などの名が用いられるが、それらとの区別もはっきりしない。唐以後、楽府が歌われなくなってからも、伝統的な楽府題を借りた作品が多くつくられ、また楽府の民間的色彩を模倣する詩も少なくなかったため、歌謡とは無関係の「歌行」詩がつくられるようになった。おもに七言古詩の詩体をもつ。たとえば、白居易(はくきょい)の『長恨歌(ちょうごんか)』『琵琶行(びわこう)』がその例である。

［佐藤　保］

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