"Aoto Fujitsuna Moryoan" - Aoto Fujitsuna Moryoan

Japanese: 《青砥藤綱模稜案》 - あおとふじつなもりょうあん

...He is famous for the story in Volume 35 of the "Taiheiki" (Record of the Great Peace), in which he argued for his own case in a trial over a manor, did not hesitate to use the authority of the regent, and ruled the regent to lose the case; he also dropped 10 mon in the Nameri River in Kamakura, searched for a 50 mon torch, and used it to the benefit of the country; his legend as a great judge continued to be told in the Edo period, and was written into stories that were based on the trials of the Hojo regent, such as "Kamakura Higoto" (Ukiyo-zoshi, written by Gekkin-do, published in 1708). Kyokutei Bakin's reading book "Aoto Fujitsuna Moriyoan" (published 1811-12) borrowed Fujitsuna's name and created a work in the style of a mystery novel based on Japanese and Chinese tales of public lawsuits, including a story that is common to the Ooka trial. In Kabuki, he appeared in "Hon'yōi Benevolent Government Record" (written by Sakurada Jisuke III), which premiered at the Edo Ichimura-za in July 1852 (Kaei 5), "Zoshi" (written by Sakurada Jisuke III), which premiered at the Ichimura-za in July 1846 (Koka 3), which was an adaptation of the above-mentioned "Moryōan," and "Aotozōshi Hana no Nishikie" (written by Kawatake Mokuami), which premiered at the Ichimura-za in March 1862 (Bunkyu 2). In some cases, he was called Fujitsuna out of fear of being named after Ooka Echizen-no-kami, but in either case he appeared in the climax of the story as a "judge" who would determine whether an incident was right or wrong. Also, in the Joruri play "Setsugun Gōgatsuji" (premiered in 1773), Gōgō is portrayed as Fujitsuna's son, and so Fujitsuna was idealized as a ruler endowed with the character of a patron deity for the common people. …

From "Tangyin Comparison"

…Published under the same title in five volumes during the Kan'ei era (1624-44), it was well received as the first court case novel and had a great influence. It was followed by Ihara Saikaku's Honcho Sakurain Hikoto, Gekjindo's Kamakura Hikoto, and the anonymous Nihon Toin Hikoto, and inspired Kyokutei Bakin's Aoto Fujitsuna Moryoan and the storytelling book Ooka Seidan. It can be said to be the origin of Japanese detective novels. …

*Some of the terminology used in reference to "Aoto Fujitsuna's Model Plan" is listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

Japanese:

…荘園にまつわる裁判に，一人理を主張して執権の威をはばからず，執権の敗訴を裁定したこと，鎌倉の滑川（なめりかわ）に銭10文を落とし，50文のたいまつを求めてこれを探し，天下の利とした逸話など，《太平記》巻三十五によって名高く，名裁判官としての伝承は，江戸期にも語りつがれ，《鎌倉比事》(月尋堂著の浮世草子，1708刊)など，北条執権の裁判に仮託した物語に書きつがれた。曲亭馬琴作の読本《青砥藤綱模稜案（もりようあん）》(1811‐12刊)は，藤綱の名を借り，和漢の公事訴訟譚を基礎に推理小説風の展開で作品化，これには大岡裁きに共通する説話をも含む。歌舞伎では1852年(嘉永5)7月江戸市村座初演《名誉仁政録》(3世桜田治助作)や，前記《模稜案》の脚色作である1846年(弘化3)7月市村座初演《青砥稿（ぞうし）》(3世桜田治助作)，また62年(文久2)3月市村座初演《青砥稿花紅彩画（あおとぞうしはなのにしきえ）》(河竹黙阿弥作)などに登場，ある場合には大岡越前守の名をはばかって藤綱とすることもあったが，いずれにせよ事件の善悪理非を判断する〈さばき役〉として大団円に登場，また浄瑠璃《摂州合邦辻（せつしゆうがつポうがつじ）》(1773初演)の合邦が藤綱の子として描かれるなど，藤綱は庶民の守護神的性格を具備した為政者として理想化された。…

【棠陰比事】より

…同じ題名で，寛永年間(1624‐44)に5巻本で刊行，最初の裁判小説として好評を博し，多大の影響を与えた。井原西鶴の《本朝桜陰比事》をはじめ，月尋堂の《鎌倉比事》，作者不明の《日本桃陰比事》と続き，曲亭馬琴の《青砥藤綱模稜案》，講談本の《大岡政談》を生むきっかけとなった。日本の探偵小説の祖ともいうべきものである。…

※「《青砥藤綱模稜案》」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について | 情報

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