A sailboat on ice, propelled by sails, and a sport using such a yacht. It is also called ice yachting. In the 17th and 18th centuries, ice yachting was used as a means of transportation when bays, canals, and rivers froze over in Latvia, the Netherlands, and the United States, but from the mid-19th century, it developed into a sport for the wealthy. Ice yacht clubs were established one after another in the United States and Europe, and in 1928 the European Ice Yachting Federation was founded. The original boats were large wooden boats, 21 meters long, with sails of 99 m2 . In Japan, the first boat was built by the Keio University Yacht Club around 1934. The standard size of a boat these days is 3.6 meters long, with sails of 5.6 to 7.4 m2 , and can carry one or two people. The hull is cross-shaped, with skids in the center and on both sides. The central skid (steering runner) acts as a rudder. It is fast, and there is a record of a speed of 220 km/h. A large ice surface is required for the sport. It is a popular sport in the United States and Canada. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
帆 (セール) で進む氷上ヨット,およびそれを用いて行なう競技。アイスヨット ice yachtingともいう。 17~18世紀にラトビア,オランダ,アメリカ合衆国などで湾や運河,川が凍結した際の輸送手段として用いられていたが,19世紀の中頃から富裕層のスポーツとして発展した。アメリカやヨーロッパに次々とアイスヨット・クラブが設立され,1928年にはヨーロッパ・アイスヨット連盟が創設された。当初の艇は木製の大型艇で,全長 21m,帆の大きさは 99m2もあった。日本では 1934年頃,慶應義塾大学ヨット部が初めて艇を作製した。近年の艇の標準サイズは全長 3.6m,帆の大きさは 5.6~7.4m2,1~2人乗り。艇体は十字型で,中央および両サイドに滑り金具をつける。中央の滑り金具 (ステアリングランナー) は舵の役割をする。スピードが出るため,時速 220kmの記録がある。競技には広い氷面が必要。アメリカ,カナダでは人気スポーツの一つ。
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