It is one of the fundamental laws of traditional logic and is expressed in the form "a is a". In this case, a name is substituted for a, and examples of the law of identity include "a lion is a lion" and "3 is 3". Some see this as a simple tautology, while others give it a different philosophical interpretation. In modern logic, the axiom of identity in the form "a = a" corresponds to this, but hypothetical statements in the form "if A then A" (where A is a proposition) are sometimes called the law of identity. [Yoshida Natsuhiko] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
伝統的論理学が根本法則の一つとしたもので「aはaである」という形式で表される。このとき、aのところに代入されるのは名前で、「ライオンはライオンである」「3は3である」などが同一律の例となる。これを単なる同語反復とみる説もあり、別の哲学的解釈を与える立場もある。現代論理学では「a=a」という形の同一性の公理がこれに対応するが、「AならA」(Aのところに入るのは命題)の形式の仮言文のことを同一律とよぶ場合もある。 [吉田夏彦] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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