Zhavoronok

...The period between Christmas and Epiphany, called svyatki, and Maslenitsa, seven weeks before Easter, which corresponds to Carnival, are also thought to have originally been events to celebrate the spirits of the dead and to pre-celebrate fertility in the coming year. In order to pray for the resurrection of nature and to welcome spring without incident, customs such as making bird-shaped ornaments out of flour (called zhavoronok (skylark)) and hanging them on roofs in early March, and carving scarecrows out of young birch trees that have just sprouted in early May and parading them through the village were seen throughout Russia. The cycle of the year and the arrival of spring were also seen as the resurrection of the sun god Yarila (also called Yarilo). ...

*Some of the terminology explanations that mention "zhavoronok" are listed below.

Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information

…キリスト降誕節と主顕節(公現祭)のあいだのスビャートキsvyatkiと呼ばれる期間，カーニバルに相当する復活祭7週間前のマースレニッツァmaslenitsaなども，起源的には死者の霊をまつり，来るべき年の豊饒を予祝する行事であったと考えられている。自然の復活を祈願し，つつがなく春を迎えるために，3月初めに小麦粉で鳥の形をした飾物(これをジャーボロノクzhavoronok(ひばり)と呼んだ)をつくり屋根にかかげる風習，5月の初め芽ぶいたばかりのシラカバの若木を切り出してかかしをつくり村中を練り歩く習慣などもロシアのいたるところでみられた。年のめぐり，春の到来は太陽神ヤリーラYarila(ヤリーロYariloともいう)の復活としても意識された。…

※「zhavoronok」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。

出典｜株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第２版について | 情報