This is also known as the de Moivre-Laplace theorem, and is one of the most important and fundamental limit theorems in probability theory that has been known for a long time. In n Bernoulli trials, where the probability of success is p , the number of successes Sn follows a binomial distribution. That is, P ( Sn = k ) = nCkpkqn - k ( where q =1- p ) . From this, for some arbitrary constants a and b (> a ), when n →∞, it approaches N ( b ) -N ( a ). Here , N ( x ) is the standard Gaussian distribution function. In other words, this shows that if we change the scale appropriately, Sn is close to a normal distribution near the mean value np . Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
これはド・モアブル=ラプラスの定理ともいい,古くから知られているもっとも重要で基本的な確率論の極限定理の一つである。成功する確率がpであるn回のベルヌーイ試行において,成功する回数Snは二項分布に従う。すなわちP(Sn=k)=nCkpkqn-k(ただしq=1-p)。これからかってな定数aとb(>a)に対して,n→∞のときはN(b)-N(a)に近づく。ここにN(x)は標準ガウス分布関数である。すなわち,このことは適当に尺度を変えると,Snは平均値npの近くで正規分布に近いことを示す。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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