...It is linguistically proven that they shared a common ancestor with Romanians, but as the Balkan Peninsula became Slavic or Hellenized from the 6th century onwards, they fled to the mountains and mainly engaged in sheep farming, maintaining their clan-based (Falcari) communities until the early 20th century. They appeared in Byzantine documents from the 10th century onwards under the name of Vlah, and the Ottoman Empire also granted the community a large degree of autonomy in exchange for road construction and transportation duties. From the second half of the 17th century, they traveled to Austria and Germany with Greek merchants to engage in commercial activities, and their villages experienced a period of prosperity, but from the second half of the 19th century they became tools and victims of the conflicts of Balkan nationalism, and their long-distance pastoral lifestyle was also hindered by border setting and other factors, and they are currently showing a marked tendency towards assimilation and disappearance. From Romania...Given the current political situation in Romania and Hungary and the current state of exchange between the historical circles of the two countries, it will be some time before this debate is resolved. According to current Romanian historians, their ancestors were the Dacians and Romans, who were mixed together and called the Vlah in early medieval documents (see the entry on Aromanians). During the so-called Great Migration, they fled mainly to mountainous areas, and settled in the Danube-Carpathian region, eventually forming small nations. In the 14th century, due to changes in the international situation and the expansion of the Vlah region, they formed the two principalities of Wallachia and Moldova. ... From Wallachia… The name Wallachia was mainly used by foreigners, and Romanians today divide the region into Muntenia and Oltenia, separated by the Olt River. Historically, however, it has been called Tara Româneascǎ (meaning "Land of the Romans"). In the Middle Ages, the Slavs who lived around here called the descendants of the Dacian Romans, who spoke Romance languages, Vlah or Valah, and so the term Wallachia, meaning "Land of the Vlahs," was born, and this term spread to the Byzantine Empire and Western Europe. Depending on the era, the term Vlahs is broadly divided into (1) the original Romanians, (2) Romanians in general, and (3) the inhabitants of the Principality of Wallachia. … *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Vlah" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ルーマニア人と共通の祖先を有したことは言語的にも立証されているが,6世紀以降バルカン半島がスラブ化あるいはギリシア化されるにしたがい,山地部に逃れておもに牧羊に従事し,氏族(ファルカリ)を中心とする共同体を20世紀初頭まで保持していた。彼らは10世紀以後ブラフVlah人の名でビザンティン文献にあらわれ,オスマン帝国も街道整備や運送の義務とひきかえに共同体の大幅な自治を認めていた。17世紀後半からはギリシア商人とともにオーストリアやドイツまで出向いて商業活動を行い,彼らの村々にも繁栄の一時期が訪れるが,19世紀後半からはバルカン・ナショナリズムの争いの道具・被害者となり,また国境設定などのため遠距離移動の放牧様式も妨げられ,現在は同化・消滅の傾向が著しい。… 【ルーマニア】より…現在のルーマニアとハンガリーをめぐる政治状況および両国の歴史学界の交流の現況から見ても,この論争に終止符が打たれるまでにはまだ時を必要とするであろう。現在のルーマニアの歴史家の意見によれば,ダキア人とローマ人の混交によって生じたダコ・ロマン人が彼らの祖先であり,中世初期の文献では彼らはブラフVlahと呼ばれていた〈アルーマニア人〉の項目参照)。いわゆる民族大移動の時期におもに山間部に避難した彼らは,ドナウ・カルパティア地域に分散して居住し,やがて小さな〈くに〉を形成するようになったが,14世紀に国際情勢の変化とブラフ居住地域の膨張によってワラキアとモルドバの二つの公国をつくった。… 【ワラキア】より… ワラキアという名称はおもに外国人によって用いられたもので,現在のルーマニア人はこれをオルト川を境にムンテニアMuntenia地方とオルテニアOltenia地方に分けて呼んでいるが,歴史上はツァーラ・ロムネヤスカTara Româneascǎ(〈ローマ人の国〉の意)と呼ばれてきた。中世このあたりに住んでいたスラブ人が,ダキア・ローマ人の子孫でロマンス語系の言葉を話す人びとをブラフ人Vlah,Valahと呼んだところからブラフ人の国,つまりワラキアという言葉が生まれ,それがビザンティン帝国や西欧へひろまったのである。ブラフ人という言葉はその時代により,(1)原ルーマニア人を指す場合,(2)一般にルーマニア人を指す場合,(3)ワラキア公国の住民を指す場合とに大別される。… ※「Vlah」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
<<: Vlajkov, TG (English spelling) VlajkovTG
…In contrast, in furnaces that use consumable ele...
...A city in southern Saitama Prefecture. It stra...
A private railway company with lines stretching fr...
...Some of the Hyōjōshō documents were transferre...
A revolution occurred in October 1789 in the Austr...
The clearing of virgin or similarly barren land, ...
These are non-medicinal products and medicines use...
It refers to the right of a person who has caused...
The position was established in the mid-Heian peri...
1807-1862 A painter from the late Edo period. Bor...
→ Ethylene propylene rubber Source: Shogakukan En...
…The fungi that make up the majority of lichens a...
The largest and most important Muslim princely sta...
→Khyber Pass Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About...
In 1865, he became a private tutor at Brasenose C...